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The Pharaohs were the most powerful and the most important people in the kingdom. He ruled the government, the military, the religion and all his people. They were the kings and queens of Egypt. Many people also believed that pharaohs were half god. They believed the Pharaoh was the sun god Re. Pharaohs also often had many wives but they only had one queen. The Great Pyramids of Giza- There are 3 chambers inside the pyramid. The lower one, is made of limestone bedrock and was never completed. The 2nd and 3rd were known as the king and queens chamber. Surrounding the pyramid are tombs, statues, and other monuments, this certainly would be a site to see! Step Pyramid at Saqqara- This was the 1st stone building ever made. Djoser constructed this beauty. Where will we be traveling? And who are the Pharaohs. Delete box or place a tag line or quote here. Delete box or place a tag line or quote here. 5555 Street Address City, State 55555 Telephone 555. 555. 5555 Facsimile 555. 555. 5555 DELETE BOX, OR PLACE TEXT OR LOGO HERE www. webaddress. com During the 2nd half of the old kingdom Saqqara was known as the royal burying grounds. The step pyramid of djoser was created all out of stone. It’s also often referred to (because of its rectangular base) as the Step Tomb. Its surrounded by ceremonial structures as well as many decorations. When Djoser led, he led his people through time of advancements and expansion. To expand Egypt’s territory, he fought foreign invaders on both the eastern and western sides. When Djoser ruled he also ended the famine that had been bringing down his empire. Before Djoser’s time there was a lot of hardship, but he got people back on track and his efforts also lead to more agriculture and farming. He was a wonderful and respected leader. Leader- Djoser Karnak SUBHEAD Delete box or place a tag line or quote here. Delete box or place a tag line or quote here. * HEADLINE Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Continue brochure text here. Saqqara t

Article Public Opinion of Police by Different Ethnic Group Essay

Down though the years there has always been tension and an on and off relationship between the community they serve and law enforcement agencies. And as with any relationship between two people there are misunderstanding, break-up and disagreements and the same is with the relationship between the community and its law enforcement agencies but just with any relationship at day’s end both the community and law enforcement have and share common concerns such as justice and deterrence. With many of communities in America being incursion of immigrants within the last few decades; with this incursion of immigrants many communities are being bombard with so many new language and cultures diversity. Because of this wide range of ethnicity now living within many the walls of our communities and society on a whole now have different opinions and views of law enforcement. Now due to the various ethnicities flooding our communities the author will investigate how a few of these ethnicity groups like: African Americans, Asians and the Hispanics neighborhoods views racial profiling, discrimination and past experience with law enforcement agencies. Taking a look at the traumatized relationship and association between the two, as well as the interaction and reaction from the law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve. Since the conception of the law enforcement agencies race has long since been a vital playing card in policing. Even with the knowledge, awareness and understanding of this there has been some improvement but not enough. Racial opus of law enforcement alongside the racial outline of arrest, the raise in the number of arrest of non- minority like â€Å"Caucasian† by non-white law enforcement officers, while there were lower numbers of arrest by the same officers on other ethnic groups. On the flip side of that coin, more â€Å"Caucasian† officers had a boost in the number of non-white arrest in comparison to the number of arrest involving â€Å"Caucasians†. Race has been a polarizingelement the in the society of America for years. And this is every so prevalent within the criminal justice system. Clashes involving both the communities and law enforcement are the flashpoint for practically every current inner- city riot. Ethnic Groups. The raise of culture variety and immigration has from time to time made interaction with law enforcement difficult. Hispanics and Asian neighborhoods are often apprehensive of law enforcement officers due to their past occurrence. Their past incidents vary from their motherland of origin that was overwhelmed by civil unrest and war. This included exploitation of power by those of authority as well as much dishonesty within law enforcement agencies of that country. For this cause many minorities groups have a apprehension and more often than not an aversion to law enforcement officers. Like within the Hispanic neighborhoods, they often feel that law enforcement agents differentiates them by racial profiling them all because of their nationality. In Arizona this is a very contentious SB 1070 unlawful migration bill that passed given law enforcement agents the power and authority to inquire of certain individual (Hispanic) of proof of documentation of legal right to be in America. This law is being adopted in other states as well like New Jersey and Texas, any where there is a high population of Hispanics. IthasbeenreportedbytwoethnicgroupsAfricanAmericansandHispanic/Latinos affirm subordinate levels of agreement concerning their relationship with police officers as compared to those of their counterpart â€Å"Caucasians†. African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos claims that there is less willingness to obey and to follow orders given by authorities especially of Caucasian origin. Racial profiling has consistently been one of the most confounding, divisive and controversial issues the police department confronts. A perception that police target members of specific ethnic or racial groups creates a deep divide between the police and the communities we serve. But as an officer who has spent a lot of time patrolling the city’s streets, I just don’t think the perception is accurate. (Dutta, 2010) True racial profiling, in which people are targeted solely because of race or ethnicity, is both illegal and immoral. It destroys public trust and reduces the effectiveness of the police. There is no place for it in law enforcement. And I firmly believe that most LAPD officers support that viewpoint. Even the reported statement of the officer that he couldn’t do his job without racial profiling was most likely misinterpreted. (Dutta, 2010) Differentiation between minorities and Caucasians is how they relate and response to law enforcement agents and how fairly or unjustly he or she feels their treatment was. This is a how many African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos responded when asked by authorities regarding their relationship with law enforcement agencies this is less equality than when Caucasians reported. Reference: Dutta, Sunil, Los Angeles Times, Criminal Profiling vs. Racial Profiling 11- 22- 2010 Retrieved 05/20/2013 http://articles. latimes.com/2010/nov/22/opinion/la-oe-dutta-racial-profiling-20101122 Newport, Frank, Gallup News Service, Racial Profiling is Seen as Widespread, Particularly Among Young Black Men, 12-11-1999 Retrieved 05/20/2013 http://www. gallup. com/poll/3421/racial-profiling-seen-widespread-particularly-among- young-black-men. aspx Maxson, Cheryl, Hennigan, Karen,Sloane, David C. ,Factors That Influence Public Opinion of the Police ,06, 2003 : Police discipline and misconduct, community policing, and media. Retrieved 05/20/2013 -http://www. nij. gov/pubs-sum/197925. htm.

Children spend too much time playing computer games Essay

Agree or disagree: Your job has greater happiness than your social life. With the past decades witnessing a great leap in the development of the society, we are now attaching great importance to the sense of happiness which can bring us power, arouse our enthusiasm for loving life, and help us to create a promising future. While some people consider jobs provide us with greater happiness, I bolster that our social life can achieve it better. Admittedly, our job brings happiness, as it can meet both our material and spiritual needs. We will realize our self value and social value in our work, thus meeting our spiritual needs. For example, when it comes to men like Bill Gates, charity work reaches new levels of generosity and commitment. Well-known for founding the Bill Melinda Gates Foundation while also contributing to many other causes, Gates is not only one of the wealthiest men in the world-he is also one of the most giving. I’m fully convinced by the instance that one can gain happiness from work. However, a healthy relationship with our friends is the source of happiness and harbor of our heart. Communication with friends could help us get away from the pressure in our work. When we are in blue, we can talk with our friends, thus extricating ourselves from morbid emotions and even solving problems. Besides, some group work like singing, dancing and playing basketball together help us totally relaxed. Last but not the least, by engaging in social life, we can befriend people from all walks of life. Thus, we can enlarge our social networking and have a happier life. For instance, author Michael Lewis said at a speech:† One night I was invited to a dinner, where I sat next to the wife of a big shot at a giant Wall Street investment bank, called Salomon Brothers. She more or less forced her husband to give me a job. â€Å"Then he was so happy that he got a fantastic job and wrote the book Liar’s Poke which was a hit to the country. If he did not take part in the dinner, he would never have become so successful and delightful. It is a hot issue that do you agree or disagree that your job has greater  happiness than your social life does? Admittedly, your job provides opportunities(opportunities) for you to earn money and gain high career(status). However, can we say that job gives more happiness than social life does? Perhaps not; job also brings us about the deep pressure and deprives the leisure staying with friends. Despite various perspectives people hold on this controversial topic, I, given this choice, prefer to assert that social life has happiness than job does. My point of view, involves the fundamental and deep discussion(s) as follows. In the first place, Social life brings us lots of happiness and leisure when staying with our friends. Both common sense and our experiences from our daily life inform us that friends are very familiar with us, and we can gain lots (of) happiness with them. Take me as an example, in my spare time I often invite my friend to go outdoors. We often go to the Starbucks Coffee and enjoy our hobby that she most likes mocha and(while) latte is myfavorite. There are also tens (of) tastes of cookies worthy to try. Most important, they are not very expensive. We oftensite(sit) outside, enjoying our happiness, talking to each other and playing chess. We both enjoy the leisure time and feel much happy. But how can it’s going when you doing your job, you must bear the pressure coming from high quality assignments(assignments with high quality requirements). Apparently, it’s(it is) indisputable that social life brings us more happiness. In addition, an equally essential and compelling argument that deserves people’s attention is that social life enlarges our social relationships(relationship net) net and give(s) us many chances to improve ourselves. One only need to look at that in the last vacation, I participated into a social party with my parents, just as a big dinner with different people. A brother sitting nearby me kept talking with me and was very interesting. He got to know that I was a student preparing Toefl exam and had many difficulties. And(Fortunately) he was just a teacher from New Oriental School. He gave me many instructions about the listening, speaking, reading and writing learning. Then he gave me many valuable Toefl material(s)after the dinner. I followed his advice and improved my  English. If I didn’t(did not) join the dinner, can I gain the improvement? Of course not. I felt happy not only because of the improvement of the English study but also because of the enlargement of the social relationships net(relationship net). Admittedly, it is probably true that we can achieve the money and advancement from the job. But we also experience the high pressure and complex relationship with colleagues. What’s more, if we get caught in the sophisticated relationship, wewon’t(will not) be happy any more. When the advantage and disadvantage (are) carefully examined, the more striking conclusion is apparent that social life brings us more happiness than job does. To sum up, although some people might still (be) unconvinced. But the reasons and factors I have analyzed make them more aware of the dimensions under discussions. There is little doubt that more and more people realize that social life has more happiness. The lecture and the passage give contradictory opinions on the topic of the function of â€Å"great houses† of Chaco Canyon. The passage explains that there are three competing theories about their function, while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view. First, the professor challenges the idea expressed in the reading passage that the great structure purely for people to live. He argues that it is impossible for the structure to be residential although it looks like the later American apartment from outside. Because the house is so great that it could be capacity of more than a hundred families, while only around ten fireplaces have been found, which means it couldn’t serve so many people for their daily cooking. Second, the passage suggests that the Chaco structures were used for grain storage while the lecture says that no trace of spilled maize or containers have been found, so they could not been used to store food. This is where the speaker disagrees with the write Finally the lecture apparently refutes the point illustrated in the passage that the house was for ceremonies. According to the professor, there are lots of materials besides broken pots have been found, such as sands, stones, even construction tools, which provides good evidence that the pots may be the leftover from the meals of the construction worker, and which further proved that the house may be not used for ceremonies

Pricing Strategy - LiveFace Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pricing Strategy - LiveFace - Assignment Example Pricing policy is informed by factors such as corporate objective, market demand, government policies, costs, micro and industry barriers and reactions from competitors (Saxena, 2009). There are a number of pricing strategies used by firms around the world some which could be suitable options for Blue Team Focus Company. To start with, the differential pricing strategy is where a firm charges different prices on its product in different market segments mainly because of different social economic statuses of the target markets. This strategy could be an option for the Live Face product. Blue Team can also adopt the geographical pricing strategy which seeks to maximize on the economies of scale by charging lower prices on the product in some areas compared to those charged by competitors (Saxena, 2009). The company could also explore the penetration strategy where it introduces the product with a lower price and increases it gradually based on demand of the product and market

The Many sides of Tom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Many sides of Tom - Essay Example Tom longs for controversy. The demands of Amanda and the incessant needs of Laura were not enough for Tom. He treasured the edges of conflict that his father had inherited to him. Tom, ever in search of new horizons, looks beyond his dull household members and finds that his family arrangements fall short of his own social expectations. He pronounces, "Here there was only shouting and confusion and labor disturbances, sometimes violent, in otherwise peaceful cities..." (11). With an emphasis on "only", Tom had read the news from Europe and was not above strapping his nuclear family with his own expectations. In many ways, Tom views himself as a savior, and in doing so tries vainly to pass his troubled present off as some superior placement from the past. The dominating mother can know nothing of his complicated life, and his poor, dimwitted sister will never be able to taste the love for life that he has. As if rising above his own surroundings he tells Amanda, "Mother, Laura lives in a world of little glass animals. She plays old phonograph records - and that's about all" (39).

Managing Change Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Managing Change - Research Paper Example These achievements however, have been coupled with various drawbacks but with the application of economic theories with an illustration of the Contingency Theory such hurdles are to be tackled. The study provides recommendations on the various aspects that require adjusting for the economies to thrive even more. With the onset of the financial crisis within the past decade, the financial markets in the Gulf region have undergone various changes and institutions and business entities have adopted new market strategies to counter the implications of the crisis. The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf countries (GCC) - Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (UAE) are keen to improve their economic competitiveness in the international market. From the early 1970s to the early 1980s the GCC member countries made significant developments in the financial front. The financial institutions were beneficiaries of the lucrative returns brought about by the abundant oil revenue. At the time up to the 1990s, the primary focus of the institutions was on short-term lending trade, building and construction and manufacturing. With the 1990s came global financial integration that entailed the carrying out of economic restructurings especially due to the effects of the Gulf war. Technological novelty and new market strategies centred on consumer-based services were adopted. Following the Gulf war was a variation of loan problems in banks across nations affected by it. The financial set-up of the GCC has overtime faced a number of challenges that revolve around the augmented role of the private sector in the financial market, the high demand for new financial services and the aspect of global participation. Efficiency and productivity are therefore a principal concern in this modern age. The countries in the GCC have links with banks that are expansively

Food Law and Regulation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Food Law and Regulation - Term Paper Example According to Chinese scientists, consumption of bread that contains estrogen-like can lead to enlargement of breasts in male. Such enlargement of breasts would develop if the male consumed large amount of estrogen. It was concluded that male with large breasts must have consumed bread containing synthetic estrogen. Furthermore, traditional breads that contain dong quai are believed to constitute estrogen-like components. Specialists argue that people should consume traditional breads under strict supervision of a qualified herbalist to avoid any complications. In addition, they demanded that any bread that contains estrogen-like components should be indicated. Only those who want the component should purchase it. To maintain safe milk in Canada, any milk meant for human consumption must be subjected to various regulatory acts which are imposed by Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Canadian  Agriculture Products Act and Dairy Product Regulations. These organizations ensure that any milk meant for the human consumption is graded and packed in healthy containers to avoid any contamination. In addition, they collaborate with companies that produce livestock food to ensure they do not include large or harmful amount of estrogen. Lastly, before any dairy product is allowed to the market, it must be tested to ensure it does not contain any harmful estrogen-like components (Science.gov, 2013). Nutritionists in Canada and USA argued advised people to consume organically produced food most of the time. They also claimed that utilization of cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower and kale are helpful as they contain substances that aid in elimination of harmful estrogens. Those who love fish and meat were encouraged to consume wild fish and hormone-free meat to avoid absorbing harmful estrogen in their body system. Farmers are encouraged to avoid using pesticides to control weeds. Instead, they were

Do Computers and Other Information Communication Technologies Increase Essay

Do Computers and Other Information Communication Technologies Increase or Decrease Social Connection - Essay Example Their mobile phones may have a way of binding the Japanese together, but the same gadgets serve only a divisive purpose outside of their area of the world. Let us not forget that alongside the innovative Smart TV sets that are being marketed these days, the Smart House is also being developed in some corners of the world. Bill Gates, one of the most prolific technological inventors of the modern era, already claims to be living in a Smart House. Yet somehow that does not seem like a hopeful thought for most people. The more gadgets we create in the pursuit of excellence in entertainment, socializing, and the like, the more it seems like we are developing ways and means to eliminate social contact with other people while in the past, we thrived as society in terms of social interaction. This is evidenced by the proliferation of coffee machines these days. These machines have taken over the functions of your favorite coffee barista of yesteryear: Does your cappuccino-maker always make perfect cappuccinos? How much time does it take? Does your neighborhood cafe make perfect cappucinos? If you had the time where would you prefer to have your cappucino? Is your neighborhood cafe run by a computer? Would it be better if it was? Where did you meet your wife (husband, lover)? (Gold) Most people these days are so on the go that even the formerly trendy social interaction of going to the nearest Starbucks for that cup o' Joe in the morning has almost been totally banished to oblivion. These days, the barista machines exist to make cheaper and faster coffee for everyone. Just pop in a coffee table and hit the button, presto, coffee perfect-o! You are ready to jump into your car and start your day. You just skipped the need to interact... This essay stresses that alongside the innovative Smart TV sets that are being marketed these days, the Smart House is also being developed in some corners of the world. Bill Gates, one of the most prolific technological inventors of the modern era, already claims to be living in a Smart House. Yet somehow that does not seem like a hopeful thought for most people. The more gadgets we create in the pursuit of excellence in entertainment, socializing, and the like, the more it seems like we are developing ways and means to eliminate social contact with other people while in the past, we thrived as society in terms of social interaction. This is evidenced by the proliferation of coffee machines these days. This paper makes a conclusion that most people these days are so on the go that even the formerly trendy social interaction of going to the nearest Starbucks for that cup o' Joe in the morning has almost been totally banished to oblivion. These days, the barista machines exist to make cheaper and faster coffee for everyone. Just pop in a coffee table and hit the button, presto, coffee perfect-o! You are ready to jump into your car and start your day. You just skipped the need to interact with real people – first thing in the morning which normally would provide you with a much needed natural energy boost as you talk to your friends or co-workers who happen to be in the same line at the coffee shop. That is definitely another technological innovation that successfully helped isolate us from the others in our social circle.

Status of Gender in the Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 10

Status of Gender in the Society - Essay Example In our childhood, all of us must have heard the story of a sleeping beauty. How the beautiful princess had slept for a hundred years and how did she get up by the magic kiss of the very generous prince.   Though we have enjoyed this story and think of it in a very romantic way, there is a symbolism hidden in this story.   Why I am trying to refer to this fairy tale is because I want to reveal this symbolism which is related to our topic. The sleeping beauty is the symbol of the Egg in a woman’s body while the noble and brave prince is the symbol of the sperms. In the accepted norms of the society, a perfect family includes a man, a woman, and their little ones. Man and woman are the two wheels of the family vehicle. If one of them breaks, the family will collapse. So male and female both have equal importance. Though both genders are important they have their specific roles to play. In society, a woman has always been given an inferior status. There might be the biological reason also which has become responsible for her passivity. In this contest, Emily Martin has mentioned the argument of Ruth Herschberger. â€Å"Ruth Herschberger argues that female reproductive organs are seen biologically interdependent, while male organs are viewed as autonomous, operating independently and in isolation.† (Page 490, â€Å"The Egg and the Sperm: How Science has constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male-Female Role) The typical conventional attitude about the egg and sperm is that the sperm is active while the egg of the female is passive and so it is conquered by the sperm by penetrating it. The role of the genders is revealed in this quotation, â€Å"Women merely supply the matter to be shaped and a suitable container. Men are the carpenters creating a child out of the wood supplied by women.  

Key Messaging Template for clients audience clientfamily connections Research Paper

Key Messaging Template for clients audience clientfamily connections LCC - Research Paper Example However, any protection should not obscure the main objective, which should be to ensure the safety and positive development of children at all levels (Partland, 2012). The love and natural instinct you have for your children should not be limited to your control alone. There are many other entities like childcare providers, concerned citizens, and the government that are keen to help you provide the best for your children. Childcare is a challenging job that requires the utmost dedication, passion, and commitment. You can collaborate with us so that we support each other in our duties. Such collaboration can include providing feedback and insights on training, and actively participating in the training of childcare employees. You are encouraged to identify areas of weaknesses in training and to propose remedial measures to improve the quality and effectiveness of our services (Family Connections, 2015c). You can also contribute financially to the provision of childcare services and therefore ensure that your children receive the best care possible. Finally, parents who are knowledgeable in childcare (e.g., nurses and developmental psychologists) are encouraged to apply for training positions in our organizations so that you improve the overall level of services. Childcare services are often funded by the government, the private sector, or donors. Of the three, donors have been identified as having the greatest potential to improve childcare services. This is evident in their level of commitment to and focus on, quality and effective childcare services. When it comes to training of childcare services, you have numerous avenues through which you can impact childcare services (Family Connections, 2015b). First, you can provide more funds to governments and the private sector to facilitate the expansion and enhancement of training activities. You can also fund childcare providers directly instead of using intermediaries like the government

Arabic petrol Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arabic petrol - Research Paper Example The first aspect is the economic development that took place during this particular time. Three major economic development are attributable to the discovery of oil in the Arab Gulf (Cleveland, & Bunton, 2013). Key among these three economic development occurred immediately after the oil discovery and happened between the year 1930s and 1960s. It is vital to point that this region was among the poorest across the globe prior to the discovery of its oil. Thus, for the first time after the discovery, there was building of the basic infrastructure and improvement in the standards of living. It prompted the growth and development of urban centers in most parts of the region. These developments presented a number of business opportunities for most states within the region. Many countries developed the interest to engage the region in business activities. The rapid growth and infrastructural development provided the leaders the means to make a profound economic transformation (Cleveland, & Bunton, 2013). Additionally, it gave them the power to control their country and its citizens. Socially, for the first time the region had a say on issues regarding international ties and economic development. As mentioned the discovery improved the standard living of the residents of this region and strengthened the social fabric. Hence, this was a major social development. Another economic and social development that happened after the oil discovery was due to the changes in the oil price. This occurred between the year of 1973 and 1974. There was a gold-rush atmosphere because of the income, which was tripling. The region directed much of its spending on infrastructural projects, as well as other social developments. The result was an emergence of a new generation of citizens with a good education (Cleveland, & Bunton, 2013). The number of professionals increased, which paved ways for more job opportunities. For instance, the number of teachers who could take up the

Health and social care Essay Example for Free

Health and social care Essay Explain how the plan meets the health and wellbeing needs of the individual In health and social care the wellbeing of the individual is essential for all round health and well-being. Using the case of Miss JB, this essay I will explain how my plan will meet the health and wellbeing needs of this individual. To assist this process an action plan have been drawn up to support the short term, mid-term and long term goals of the individual to enable Mr JB to achieve his health and wellbeing needs. NOW TALK ABOUT WHAT HEALTH AND WELL BEING IS A persons health and well-being is affected by a number of different factors. In general terms, health and well-being can be defined as†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ having a balanced diet (e.g. improved immunity, feeling healthy controlling weight) adequate rest and sleep (e.g. improved concentration, refreshes body, restores energy) regular exercise (e.g. improved fitness, weight control, circulation, mobility) supportive relationships (e.g. friends, family, professionals, improved self-esteem, self-worth) adequate financial resources (e.g. social security benefits, free prescriptions, free dinners, pension, mobility allowance) stimulating work, education and leisure activity (e.g. improve mental ability, valued) According to Mr JB BMI he is considered to be overweight and he does not get much exercise or sleep. Mr JB also lives in a confined space, sharing 2 bedrooms flat with 7 people. He is takes paroxetine and mirtazapine for stress and depression and does not spend any time with his family. Mr JB is at high risk I have created a plan to help improve Mr JB health and well-being. I have suggested the Mr JB move out of his parent’s house and buy a house of his own on a long term goal. I have also suggested to him that he could rent as an alternative action. The benefit of Mr JB owning his own home is he will have his independence, having his own space for him and his family and feel less stress about living with his parents. Having regular exercise will help Mr JB to lose weight; I have suggested that he exercise three times a week on a mid-term goal. For an alternative action he needs to lose 3 st one in 3-6 months. He need to join a gym, drink  more water and eat healthy (five a day fruit and vegetable). The benefits he will get are self-confidence, energy which will help him to spend time with his family, relief of stress and reduce the risk of a heart attack. Regular physical activity can help you prevent or manage a wide range of health problems and concerns, including stroke, metabolic syndrome, type two diabetes, depression, and certain types of cancer, arthritis and falls. Mr JB will also need to take paroxetine gradually. Stop Paroxetine hydrochloride abruptly can cause withdrawal symptoms or cause your original condition to return. In these instances, reducing the dose of Paroxetine hydrochloride gradually over time may reduce the chances of having these problems. Spending quality time and creating happy memories with his family will help reduce stress and strengthen the bond between him and his family which will result in being more relax less stress and help him to stop depending on his medication. I have suggested that he stop smoking because the amount he smoke long term can cause lung cancer, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Alternatively he should reduce that amount he smoke daily from 10 cigarettes a day to 3 a day and also used Nicorette patches to help him to stop over a period of 6 months on a short term plan. If he decides to follow the plan to stop smoking the result can be rewarding; less stress, reduce headache, feeling less tired, your sense of taste and smell improve and your heart will be less strained and work more efficiently which reduce that chance of lungs cancer and heart diseases. The recommended amount of alcohol to drink for a man is 21 units a week. Mr JB drinks 28 units a week. Your liver processes alcohol. It can only cope with so much at a time. Drinking more alcohol than the liver can cope with can damage liver cells and produce toxic by-product chemicals. The more you drink, and especially above the recommended limits, the greater the risk of developing serious problems such as: liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis); cancer; gut and pancreas disorders; depression; anxiety; sexual difficulties; muscle and heart muscle disease; high blood pressure; damage to nervous tissue; serious accidents; obesity (alcohol is calorie-rich). Also can mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, and various other problems. I have suggested that Mr. JB reduce his alcohol intake by 19  units a week which is just under the recommended amount. The benefit of reducing his intake will reduce his chance of liver disease; You will immediately start having more money, reduce calories in take, Your liver will begin to rejuvenate All the little aches and pains throughout your body will slowly but surely go away, Your natural energy will slowly but surely return, You will find joy in all the little things of life, Your family will love the new you When I created this plan for Mr JB I thought about his preferences and circumstances I have chosen long term, mid-term and short term goal for him to achieve. I thought about what are his favourite five a day and encourage him to buy the and gradually introduce new ones if need. Mr JB like the idea of going to the gym so I suggested he join one, he work on shift base, so when he is on late shift I suggest that he take his younger child to school in the morning and pick them up when he is on early shift which will enable to spend more time with his children.

Descartes Conceivability Argument For Substance Dualism Philosophy Essay

Descartes Conceivability Argument For Substance Dualism Philosophy Essay Substance Dualism is the view that the mind and body are distinct. It pictures the world as consisting of two independent domains, the mental and the material, each with its own distinctive defining properties. We have clear and distinct awareness that the body is physical therefore it is spatially temporary and made from atoms which follow physical laws. It has dimensions, mass, texture etc. We also have clear and distinct awareness that the mind is non-physical therefore is not made from atoms or follows physical laws. The essence of the body is to be extended whilst the essence of the mind is to think. The mind is logically distinct and an independent entity to the body. So what can be asserted for one cant be asserted for the other. The mind will continue to exist without the body. It is infinite and immortal and will go to the afterlife. But the body is subject to decay because it is physical. It is not immortal and cant exist without the mind. The claim is there are two complet ely distinct substances, where substances mean a fundamental thing rather than stuff. In Descartes Sixth Meditation, he states one of his arguments for the mind and body being distinct. This is known as The Conceivability Argument: 1. I can clearly conceive existing without my body 2. What is clearly conceivable is possible 3. So it is possible for me to exist without my body 4. So I am neither identical with, nor a part of my body 5. So substance dualism is true Descartes, when considering himself, had a clear and distinct idea of myself (himself) inasmuch as I am (he is) only a thinking and unextended thing. Since he is thinking now, he must be a thinking thing. This property must be there as it belongs to his essence. If thinking ceases then he doesnt exist, an argument which he tries to prove in his early works in The Discourse. He has a clear understanding of what thought is. This allows him possibly to be non-extended as spatial temporality is not essential to him. He also has a distinct idea of body, inasmuch as it is only an extended and unthinking thing. If we think about an object we comprehend that its necessary extended and its essence is not thinking. For example, the essence of a stone is to be extended not to be a thinking thing. It is very hard to comprehend a stone thinking and if we can it is definitely not an essence of the stone. It is possible to conceive of the mind existing without the body and the body existing without the mind. Descartes uses the word possible in the sense that it is logically conceptual therefore not self contradictory that he can exist without his body. This is because it is possible to conceive of something being extended and non-thinking. Also it is possible to conceive of something being non-extended and being a thinking thing. For example we can conceive of my mind thinking but having no spatially temporality. God can create a world where whatever is conceivable is metaphysically possible because all things which I apprehend clearly and distinctly can be created by God. Thus anything conceivable becomes an actual truth. For example God cant create a square circle as it is not metaphysically possible. But God can create me, a thinking thing, distinct from my extended body since they may be made to exist in separation at least by the omnipotence of God. Therefore it is possible that my mind can exist without my body resulting in having a body not being essential to me. Descartes is moving from this doubt of his body to his essence. Descartes is using his scepticism that he is not going to accept anything that he is not certain of. He is certain of his own thinking and existence though. He concludes that this he can be sure of but this is the only thing he can be sure of: I am a real thinking thing and really exist, but what thing? I have an answer: A thing which thinks. But there are two different meanings to a thinking thing. One is something that thinks or another is something whose essence is to think, a thing that cannot not think. These are very different claims. He is making an epistemological claim to a metaphysical claim. He is arguing from how we come to know something to what it actually is. The argument shifts from a possible sense to a possible fact: It is possible that I am a thinking thing to my essence is a thinking thing. Knowing that I am thinking, it does follow that I am thinking in one sense. If I am thinking then I must be capa ble of thinking. But the claim that his essence is thinking is fallacious. If we take John Lockes claim that God can make matter think then God can make a stone think. A stone would then know that it is only a thinking thing and not know that it is extended. Therefore as its only aware of its own perceptions it can conclude that its essence is thinking. Just as God has made the stone think, God can take this away. Therefore the stone is left with its essence being extended and non-thinking. Moreover, all because the mind and body have different essences, this does not mean that they have to be two different substances. Surely they can be one and the same thing. Cant there be one entity which is thinking and extended? Jerome A. Shaffer uses the example of one entity, a man: The defying characteristic of being a husband is being a married man and the essence of being a parent is having offspring, but one and the same person can be both. Hence all because we have conceived of two entities having different properties it does not mean that they actually exist distinct from each other. For Descartes it would seem that they have completely distinct essences that it is impossible for them to not be distinct. Therefore the example of a husband and a father is seemingly weak because the actual properties of the occupier of the essences are both extended and male. Whereas the properties of extended and thinking things have, according to Descartes nothing in common. It would appear that there needs to be a stronger example from Shaffer to show that the mind and body can be one and the same thing. George Graham has a stronger example of the Gods making Oedipus marry his mother. As he didnt want to marry her he would say: very idea disgusts me, I find it unconceivable that I will marry my mother. Oedipus then falls in love with Jocasta, who is actually his mother. If we asked him what he thought about marrying her he may say: Very idea pleases me, I find it very conceivable. We would then conclude that Oedipus can conceive of himself marrying Jocasta but cant conceive of himself marrying his mother. Therefore they are not the same person. If I can conceive of myself as disembodied but cant conceive of myself without a mind you cant conclude that your mind and body are distinct as they can be one and the same thing. This is because the conclusion is aspectual and realises on aspectual knowledge. This aspectual knowledge that Graham mentions is a major downfall to Descartes conceivable argument. Gottlob Ferge explains this with the ancients knowing that Venus is the morning star whilst believing that the evening star was Venus as well or illiterate people not knowing that water is identical to H20. The mind and body could be the same thing but he they are assessed differently, one by introspection and one by inspection but this doesnt mean they can be separated and exist apart from each other. W. D. Hart creates a story to strengthen Substance Dualism and tries to show that the mind and body are not one and the same thing. This is because we can conceive the mind to exist without a body: Imagine one morning you wake up and go to the mirror. Looking in the mirror you realise that your eye sockets are empty. You can visualise your face with empty eye sockets as it would look to you in the mirror. You then saw around your head and see that your brain is not there. You can visualise how your empty brain pan would look to you in the mirror. Lastly it is still possible to visualise if you had no body. You would see the reflection of the room in the mirror. So you have a recipe for visual experience of yourself disembodied. As this is a thought experiment it could not actually occur in the real world. But the fact that we can imagine being disembodied. As we can imagine being disembodied without contradiction, it means that it is metaphysically possible. Hart would conclude that it is metaphysically possible for me to exist disembodied. Therefore the mind and body are distinct as disembodied existence can occur. Is it not possible to conceive of water not being identical to H2O even though it is metaphysically impossible? If we can then it is possible to conceive of the mind existing apart from the body doesnt show that it is metaphysically possible. For this metaphysically possible for the mind to exist with the body then the mind must be numerically distinct from the body. Kripke used his concept of rigid and non-rigid designators for Cartesian Dualism argument to prove that they are numerical distinct: If a and b are rigid designators, it follows that a = b if true, is a necessary truth. If a and b are not rigid designators, no such conclusion follows about the statement a = b The rigid designator water is identical to the rigid designator H2O. This is true scientifically. Water is identical to H20 in every possible world. If we have two rigid designators and the two are identical then this will mean that conceivability entails metaphysically possibility. This is because we cant conceive of a possible world where H2O is not Water. According to Descartes this would mean that God couldnt create a world where Water is not H2O as they are the same substance with the same essences. We cant conceive metaphysically that water is not H2O as this would make no sense. However it does not work if we use water non-rigidly. Water may not be a direct reference to H2O but a summary of the properties. This would be topic neutral as we are leaving out the nature of water. We could have a sample of water but not know that it is H2O, just like our predecessors. We cant conceive of them being identical in every metaphysically possible world therefore H2O is not water. We can easily conceive a non-rigid designation of water, for example tap fluid, rain, a lake that may not have been H2O as it is only there empirical properties that we know. As long as it is a non-rigid designator of water and we produce the properties, water can be anything. Thus we could conceive of the substance described as having a different chemical composition in a possible world. Kripke applies this to a brain state being identical to a mental state and tries to improve Descartes argument. We are immediately subjectively aware of mental states. We have immediate perceptions of them inside me. What you are experiencing when in pain is pain. It is an internal content of consciousness and this is the only way we can understand it. Therefore it is a rigid designator. If we can conceive of mental states being identical to the body then this would mean that it would be a necessary truth. If Descartes can conceive of himself being distinct from his body then Descartes is not identical to his body. Through modern neuroscience research it is possible to see that Descartes immaterial explanation of thinking being the essence of the mind is a lot simpler than getting a brain dependent theory. He believed that: Each substance is thought to have its own laws and its own range of properties; hence research on the brain is not going to yield any knowledge of the mind. But as more research occurs with neuroscience and neurology the more we realise how absurd the concept of Substance Dualism is. The mind apparently has higher functions which are reasoning, consciousness, emotion etc. All of these higher functions can be changed by drugs or an injury. For example damage to the temporal Lobe, the person with this damage will learn complex cognitive skills but will be unaware he has done so, even while engaging in them. There are many other examples of how the brain affects our higher functions. If the brain is dependent on the mind then how can this be true? How can the brain affect thinking as thinking is not its essence? Therefore it would seem that dualism fails not so much because of our limited knowledge of the mind but rather because of modern science. As the conceivable argument needs the essence of the mind and body to show that they we can conceive of them distinctly, if Descartes has got the essences wrong then he cant conceive of himself di sembodied. Doesnt entail it false as further research may discover there is a substance dualism but at the moment there is no leads.

Outdoor Play and Learning | Analysis

Outdoor Play and Learning | Analysis Discuss with reference to curriculum documentation and relevant research literature the importance of effective provision and planning for outdoor play and exploration in UK early years settings. In this assignment I am going to look at why it is relevant for effective provision and planning for the outdoor environment in the early years in the UK. Outdoor play is a vital element of young childrens physical, social and emotional development. Play is a young childs activity for learning. Therefore making the most of outdoor play is essential, providing plenty of experiences in a varied manner for children, early years settings are in a unique position to offer these, fully integrated with the indoors. The four aspects of Birth to Three Matters Framework include examples of experiences that very young children should have both indoors and outdoors. Similarly, the curriculum guidance for the foundation stage includes many ideas for taking learning outside. All six areas of learning can be effectively promoted, from the earliest stepping stones through to the early learning goals at the end of foundation stage. The statutory framework for the Early Years Foundation stage: setting and standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five. (DCSF 2008) states the following in relation to the outdoor environment; ‘Wherever possible, there should be access to an outdoor play area and this is the expected norm for providers. ‘The indoor and outdoor environments (should be linked) so that children can move freely between them. ‘A rich and varied environment supports childrens learning and development. It gives them the confidence to explore and learn in secure and safe yet challenging, indoor and outdoor spaces. ‘Children must have opportunities play indoors and outdoors. All early year providers must have access to an outdoor play area which can benefit the children. If the setting does not have direct access to an outdoor play area they must make arrangements for daily opportunities for outdoor play in an appropriate nearby location. ‘Being outdoors has a positive impact on childrens sense of well-being and helps all aspects of childrens development. (See EYFS Statutory Framework (p.35 and 37); EYFS Practice Guidance (p.7) and ‘Principles into Practice card 3.3: Enabling Environments- the Learning Environment). The EYFS statutory framework for the EYFS is put in place so that every child in a setting environment has the best possible experience of the outdoors, as so much learning and development goes on within the outdoors and to cover the six early learning goals. The outdoors offers a unique environment, which is very different from the indoors. It offers space and freedom to try things out, to explore and experiment without the constraints associated with an indoor environment (Tovey 2007). Some opportunities for learning can only happen outside. The experience of a change in the weather, finding insects, making a large scale construction/painting all of these motivate children into mental and physical engagement, and can only be done outside. In fact all learning goals can be achieved outside while the childrens health and well-being are also being boosted. Outside children can run fast, shout and squeal and find out what their bodies and voices can really do (Ouvry, 2008). The space is more open, less confided and the greater space; the more unrestricted the movement possibilities. Indoors is a space where adults are in control, but outdoors as fewer restrictions, where children can escape the controlling eyes of adults (Stephenson 2002). The four main thinkers of early childhood towards the curriculum, advocating outdoor provision as essential for childrens learning and development are; Friedrich Froebel , Margaret McMillan ,Susan Issacs and Maria Montessori. â€Å"These four all held the view that the young child is first and foremost a whole person, with thoughts, feelings and imagination that need to be cared for and cherished† (Curtis 1986. P.5).They all believed in a child centred approach and free-flow play. Young children are motivated and wish to learn, they dont have to be sat at a table quietly (Curtis 1986). Friedrich Froebel argued that play was a serious and significant activity for the young child. David Cohen (1987) suggests that Froebel was the first educator to use childrens play for practical purposes. In order to help children learn through play Froebel devised series of playthings and games (Bruce 1991). As Curtis (1986 p.6) points out, he used the ‘timeless playthings of childhood in his curriculum. ‘Balls, boards, sand, clay, for example, have made up childrens play throughout the ages. The role of the adult is crucial in Froebels approach to play. Cohen however doesnt agree that children should learn particular things, as that would be to advocate play as preparation for life. Froebel valued play because it helped children to make meaning, and as Janet Moyles (1989 p.168) points out the importance of adults and children being ‘equal partners in play, as in conversation (Bruce 1991). Janet Moyles (1989, p.24) points out that Froebel pioneered the theory of firsthand experience as the basis of play, but this was entirely different to that, Seguin (1812-1880), who developed learning though the senses for disabled children. This curriculum was aimed towards a particular direction. However, Froebels approach to play was targeted at all childrens needs, rather than Seguin, who concentrated on disadvantaged children (Bruce 1991). As Yvonne Conolly (1983) points out (OMEP), ‘A good Curriculum is a good curriculum for all (in Bruce, 1987, Ch.9). Margaret McMillan, pioneer of nursery education campaigned for an education centred on the garden. She was the first person to model a nursery with children flowing freely between the inside and outside environment she quoted; ‘The best classroom and the richest cupboard is roofed by the sky. She put so much emphasis on the outdoor environment that it has been recognised by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority in its good practice guidelines for the early learning goals, which repeatedly stress those young children, should have access to a well-planned outdoors (Ouvry 2008). McMillan expanded on the ideas of Froebel, to see children playing as the integrated activity. It was through the garden that we see her begin to develop the free-flow play side of the curriculum. It is interesting to see that for Froebel, McMillan and Issacs, it was the childs free play in the outdoors that led to their greatest contributions to the early childhood educational curriculum (Bruce 1991). Issacs valued free-flow play because it gave children freedom in their actions, thoughts and emotional expression. Issacs further stressed that play also meets the emotional needs of a child, as they express all emotional during play (Bruce 1991). Montessori, who was also a pioneer for education, she thought it was an insult to children to suggest they should play. Montessori provided children with specific sense training apparatus which she expected them to use in an exact manner within the classroom, whereas McMillan believed children gained better sensory experience by playing in the garden (Bruce, 1991). Surely if practitioners are planning and setting up the activities that a child plays outdoors it is not really the childs freedom of choice, in a way it is still like the Montessori approach. Both Sylva and Bruner argued, in the 1980s, that structure is a characteristic of materials and activities themselves. Structured activities such as construction are the most challenging and unstructured materials, such as sand and water, and open ended resources, outdoors lack any clear goal structure and, therefore, do not challenge childrens minds (Bruner 1980; Sylva et al 1980). Ouvry (2008) suggests making the most out of the outdoor area is also important, so that the children in that setting have the best opportunities possible and the changing of resources provided should be different daily. Also, it is important that the children have the opportunity to explore different resources and not stick with their favourite all the time i.e. bicycles. So Bruner and Sylvas research isnt very clear as all settings have a number of different opportunities for children to do in the outdoors environment, structured and unstructured. Children learn from them all in different ways and they are all targeting the six areas of learning. Piaget saw movement and physical development as the provision for higher levels of thinking. However Smith (p.68) argues this point and believes ‘it is stillness we have to justify, not movement. Early Years children cant be sat down all day they need freedom to express themselves and explore their environment in order to learn new things, sitting down is going to make them more likely to disengage with what is going on. If movement is such an important aspect of a childs development, access to outdoor space must be part of a daily routine in order to nurture this mind-body growth. ‘Children want space at all ages. But from the age of one to seven, space, that is ample space, almost as much wanted as food and air. To move, to run, to find things out by new movement, to feel ones life in every limb, that is the life of early childhood. So said Margaret McMillan (1930) Childrens entitlement to high quality outdoor play experiences is strongly supported throughout the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) Framework and early years providers have a statutory duty to facilitate daily outdoor opportunities all year round for the children in their care. (See EYFS Statutory Framework (p.35 and 37); EYFS Practice Guidance (p.7) and ‘Principles into Practice card 3.3: Enabling Environments- the Learning Environment). When children are denied adequate space they often feel desperately frustrated and this can lead to uncooperative behaviour. Research has shown that in environments that enable children to move about, to collaborate with others and take frequent breaks during calm activities, the behaviour of children who have a tendency to lose their temper or get over excited is less disturbing (Berk, l. E and Winsler, A 1995). This therefore shows that the tendency for children to shout and squeal and run around and be very ‘hyperactive is taken outside there that type of behaviour is accessible (Ouvry 2008). Ouvry (2008) states that boys brains mature in a different sequence to those of girls and in some areas, at a slower rate. Boys first develop the parts of the brain for knowing about movement and space in which they have to move themselves and other things. Other areas of the curriculum then arise meaningfully out of play. Girls, stereotypically like playing imaginatively in the home corner and working with and alongside adults. Girls come to an understanding of adult world through domestic play and talk; they use reading and writing in their play because their brains are more developed for language at the three to five year old stage. The whole emphasis on activities that focus on children who are good at talking, fitting in, quick at learning and understanding other peoples intentions. Boys can tend to feel uncomfortable because they tend to feel more secure in the outdoor environment, where they can be themselves and still learn from their experiences just in a different manner. By the setting giving less attention to the outdoors environment and quality of outdoor play, they may be denying access to education to a significant number of boys (Bilton, H. 1998). The outdoor space must be viewed as an essential teaching and learning environment which is linked with the learning that goes on inside, but with even greater status because it allows for children to learn through movement. If we believe that young children learn through play and that play is thought in action- then offering children a playing space outdoors would seem the most effective means to fulfil their need to play, learning through first hand experiences and cooperate with others, that also cover the six main learning goals (Ouvry. 2008). Despite the much higher profile given to outdoor play in recent years with the introduction of the Curriculum Guidance for the foundation stage (QCA 2000), there is still evidence that the ‘purpose and value of outdoor play is not well understood'(Tovey. 2007). Many practitioners have an unconscious belief that effective learning only happens when children are still, quiet and calm, with a pencil and paper at hand and with a teacher nearby to offer instruction. The idea that when children are physically active, many people believe they cant be learning anything to do with the curriculum (Ouvry 2008). But then what about forest schools, they are based outside all of the time and are still based on the curriculum and the learning intentions are still met and this is all due to planning for the six areas of learning. It is certainly true that if the outdoors is not well planned and the setting does not have clear aims for the childrens learning outside, then practitioners may find it difficult to see any worthwhile learning going on outside. This is however true when considering any environment for young children inside or outside. Without clarity of aims and learning intentions for children in play situations, it is impossible to know what to look for when observing the children or to know how to further the childrens learning. Structuring the environment and supporting childrens learning is as important outside as in (Ouvry 2008). The key person working with a four-year-old child may have observed on several occasions that the child is rather unsteady when moving around the outside area. The practitioner then plans to build an obstacle course to give the child lots of opportunities to use a wide range of physical movements. These then support the planning for enhanced provision. In many cases, this planned adjustment and enrichment of some aspect of the settings provision will also be relevant to other children in a group. Many of the other children in the group will enjoy helping to build and develop the obstacle course and will join the focus child in actively using and enjoying the challenges it offers. ‘The right of the child to rest and leisure and engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and arts. (UNICEF 1989). There are constraints and fears that limit childrens opportunities for play particularly outdoors, deprive children of essential childhood experiences and opportunities- opportunities to develop friendships and to make relationships, to experience all emotions, to take risks, have adventures and misadventures, to have contact with nature and the environment (Casey, T. 2007). Children need to climb, run, jump, an bash balls against walls (Lewis Howdle, lecture, RIHE,1980). http://nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/node/83976 http://www3.hants.gov.uk/childrens-services/childcare/providers/childcarepublications/horizons/horizons-issue-16/outdoor-learning-and-the-eyfs.htm http://nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/node/151379 http://nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/node/132681 http://www.teachingexpertise.com/articles/planning-quality-provision-early-years-5276

Andrew Jacksons Campaign to Destroy the Bank of the United States Essa

When Andrew Jackson decided to make his veto message regarding the Bank of The United States on July 10, 1832 one thing was on his mind: killing the Bank of The United States forever! This one event was the fuel Jackson used for his reconstruction of the U.S. It all started to unravel during his election of 1828. Several different "sects" within the different states were teaming up with one another to form a coalition of discontent for the President and his reconstruction. Like Thomas Jefferson before him, Andrew Jackson was a tried-and-true defender of American freedom committed to nothing so much as breaking the knot of political corruption and restoring integrity to republican institutions. With the shattering and affirming dimensions of presidential action so well coordinated in his initial claim to legitimacy, Jackson's invoking of original understandings bore the makings of an entirely new government and politics. This dependent authority to disclaim would prove to be Jackson's most remarkable leadership resource. Yet, Jackson did not simply repeat Jefferson's performance, the essential elements of their shared leadership posture being reshaped by the worldly changes that intervened between their presidencies. Jackson's early course of action suggests that he would have liked nothing more than to have led in the expansive manner of Jefferson. Reasons for this difference between these two reconstructions are not difficult to separate since both witnessed dramatic changes in both state and society. It is here-with an acknowledging authority bearing down on a more forceful set of institutions and a more complicated policy- that the two faces of Andrew Jackson merge into one. In this final analysis there is no c... ...ress, the Court, the cabinet, the states, the party, and the electorate. The executive officer gained political foundations positively more independent than it had enjoyed before, and a new regime of governmental commitments and political priorities held convinced. In the process of moving behind his campaign to destroy the bank, Congress had begun to see for itself the special attractions of the new system. Democrats now criticized the President's efforts to control the state banks through national regulation as identical to the imposition of a new national bank. In effect then, Jackson had merely substituted one irresponsible and uncontrollable financial system for another. Jackson left office just as the new order was taking on a political life of its own. It was left to his successor to brush aside his failed experiment while affirming his basic course.

Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney :: Taste Honey Shelagh Delaney

"Taste of Honey" by Shelagh Delaney I am going to explain how Shelagh Delaney presents the changing facets of Jo’s character. The play was written in the 1950s and was first performed in 1958. The play is about a girl and her mother move to a grubby flat and area with no men in their life, but all changes when Helen meets Peter and Jo meet Boy. Then Jo gets pregnant with the black boy, and then meets and shares a flat with Geof, a young homosexual. He takes and the role as caring and protecting Jo and they get on well. Geof brings Helen back to visit Jo, and Helen kicks Geof out. Jo’s is the main character in the play; she is the daughter of Helen. She falls for a man called Jimmie who is in the navy, and then he makes her pregnant and goes way leaving her with this black baby. Then she meets Geof who takes on the role of caring for Jo, and then brings back her mother and he leaves. At the beginning of the play Jo is organized, capable and critical of her mother, we know because she says ‘ You’re knocking it worst than ever’. This makes us think that Helen has a drinking problem in the past. Also in Act one scene one Jo shows she is organized by saying ‘ I’m going to unpack my bulbs. I wonder where I can out them’. Then she changes when she meets Peter and becomes more jealous, quarrelsome and annoying. When Helen leaves Jo becomes more resentful and feels hurt and unloved. When she meets Jimmie she becomes much more flirtatious we know this because she says to him in the play ‘glad you like it. It’s my schoolgirl complexion’. She also becomes coy and likes the attention when she meets Jimmie. The play writer use dramatic devices to show the changes in Jo well, as in when she has quarrels and fights between the other characters. In the 1980s it was not common to be a single parent family, and Britain was not a multicultural society. Jo changes though the play one example of this is her opinion on poor housing. At the start of the play she say ‘And I don’t like it’ expressing her self about the

Alina Humanities Essay

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Upon completion of the course, students should be able to accomplish the following. 1. Understand and appreciate outstanding cultural expressions of the humanistic tradition. 2. Interpret and analyze selected artistic and ideological expressions. 3. Compare and contrast selected artistic and ideological expressions. 4. Identify causal influences in the chronological development of arts and ideas. 5. Applywhattheyhavelearnedaboutonecultureorculturalexpressionwhenexamining another. 6. Demonstrate how selected artistic and ideological expressions do or do not illustrate a cultural period or a stylistic concept. 7. Defend personal opinions regarding the interpretations of selected artistic and ideological expressions. 8. Demonstrate rhetorically effective writing appropriate for the study of humanities and meeting all requirements for college level writing. ***Please advise instructor if you will be taking exams at DSS. *** CLASS PROCEDURE & OBLIGATIONS Class sessions will consist primarily of PowerPoint presentations that include representative images, texts, and audio from the humanist tradition. Students will be responsible for viewing/reading the powerpoints and/or other material prescribed for each presentation. When 1  engaging literary texts, the students must read the assigned pages before classes, be ready to pass written quizzes on the readings and be ready to discuss each respective day’s assignment. *** Using laptop computers or other electronic devices is not allowed in class. For each incident, violators will be docked ten points on the following exam. Classroom Etiquette: 1. No talking during class. Private conversation cannot and will not be tolerated. 2. No reading the newspaper, or other outside material, or doing other homework during class. 3. Due to the abuse of using computers in class in the past, I ask that you do not use a laptop for  taking notes. 4. Arriving late and leaving early are disruptive. Please be considerate of your instructor and fellow students by arriving on time. If you should need to arrive late or leave early, please notify the instructor. 5. Turn off cell phones before entering the classroom. Attendance Policy Classroom attendance supplements and enriches text materials through films, slides, lectures, and discussions. In addition, class discussions suffer without each student present, since all viewpoints in discussion are important. Class attendance and punctuality are important. TCC’s  Catalog states, â€Å"All students enrolled in the College are expected to attend all classes, since regular attendance and regular application constitute the two most significant factors that promote success in college work. Until midterm during fall, spring and summer C terms, any student absent from any class for more time than that class meets in any one week (i. e. , two classes) may be withdrawn by administrative action (AW grade). † Tardiness and/or leaving class early both disrupts the continuity of the class and reduces other students’ engagement with the material. Both, therefore, will be counted as absences.  Since late arrivals and early departures constitute class disturbances, each instance of tardiness to and early departure from this class will be counted as an absence from an entire class session. Consequently, STUDENTS WHO ARE TARDY OR WHO LEAVE EARLY — FOR ANY REASON, INCLUSIVE OF BATHROOM USAGE — ON MORE THAN A TOTAL OF FIVE OCCASIONS PRIOR TO THE WITHDRAWAL DEADLINE WILL BE SUBJECT TO ADMINISTRATIVE WITHDRAWAL. STUDENTS SHOULD ARRIVE ON TIME AND POWER OFF THEIR CELL PHONES BEFORE CLASS BEGINS. Eight absences will lower your final grade in this course one full letter grade. A student with nine absences will automatically fail the  course. There will be no distinction made between excused and unexcused absences, so plan your absences wisely. 2 STUDENTS SHOULD ARRIVE ON TIME AND POWER OFF THEIR CELL PHONES BEFORE CLASS BEGINS. OBLIGATIONS I. Exams Students will be responsible for performing well on three exams. The course will be divided into three units, and a non-cumulative examination will be administered at the conclusion of each unit. All three exams will be comprised of slide identification, multiple choice, matching, short answer, and true/false questions. Students should bring a #2 pencil on the dates of the exams. IF FOR ANY LEGITIMATE REASON A STUDENT IS UNABLE TO TAKE AN EXAM ON THE ASSIGNED DATE, HE/SHE MUST NOTIFY THE INSTRUCTOR BEFOREHAND. Otherwise, no make-up exam will be administered, and failing to take an exam will result in an â€Å"F† for the course. The key to doing well on the exams: attending class, taking notes, and studying diligently. Each exam will include 20% extra credit. II. Writing Assignments Students will be responsible for submitting a total of three essays (600-650 words each). Each one of the three essays corresponds with each one of the 3 exams, and each of the three essays  will be a response to prompts aligned with each unit/exam — that is, each of the three essay assignments must be related to the readings for each exam. Further instructions and the essays’ prompts will be posted on BlackBoard. The due dates are specified on the calendar at the conclusion of this syllabus. Note: Students must complete successfully a short grammar quiz before submitting each of the three essays. Essays may include MLA prescribed in-text citations. That is, if you quote or paraphrase from a source, you must parenthetically cite that source after the quote or paraphrase. Also, you will  need to include a Works Cited page. ***If you plagiarize, your essay will receive a zero, and your overall grade will drop to an F. Grading Each of the student’s three exams and the writing assignments will receive a letter grade: 100-90 = A; 89-80 = B; 79-70 = C; 69-54 = D; 53-0 = F. >The three exam grades will each count 30%, totaling 90 percent of the student’s final course grade; and the three essay grades total 10 percent of the final course grade. *Failure to submit an exam or essay will result in an F for the course. * 3 A student’s excellent attendance, punctuality, Discussion Board participation, and attitude  (citizenship) can count up to 10%++ â€Å"extra credit† toward the final exam grade. Conversely, a student’s poor attendance, poor punctuality, and poor citizenship/attitude (which includes talking, texting, & â€Å"acting out† in class) can affect negatively the final exam grade. Tardiness or leaving early will be counted as an absence and will therefore negate a student’s extra credit for that particular class. Academic Honesty Policy Plagiarism: Webster’s New Universal Unabridged Dictionary states: to plagiarize is â€Å"to steal or pass off ideas or words of another as one’s own†¦to use created productions without crediting  the source†¦to commit literary theft†¦to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source† (p. 1371). Academic dishonesty is not accepted at Tallahassee Community College, and I will pursue and prosecute any instances of such dishonesty. ***Do not plagiarize—that is, do not use the research, ideas, or words of others as your own without giving proper credit to your source. This policy especially includes copying or paraphrasing written materials from gallery brochures, play programs, books, periodicals, encyclopedias, CD-ROMs, the Internet, or someone else’s paper. ***Do not cheat. Students who cheat or plagiarize will receive an automatic zero on the assignment and will be referred to the academic dean for expulsion from TCC. By the act of submitting written work or an exam, the student acknowledges that she/he understands the definition of academic dishonesty and is willing to accept the consequences for any violation. COURSE WEB SITE: This course has been designated â€Å"WA† (â€Å"Web Assisted†) in the schedule of classes, and the â€Å"WA† designation means: â€Å"Some use of computer online technology required. † In this regard a course web site has been established for students in this class. The purpose of the web site is to allow students access to important course materials (syllabus, writing assignment, study guides, presentation assistants, images, et cetera). The materials are intended as supplemental to the classroom experience; they should not, in other words, be viewed as substitutes for in-class presentations. Students may also use the course web site to communicate with one another by means of the â€Å"Discussion Board,† which can be found by clicking on the tab labeled â€Å"Communication. † Via the Discussion Board, students can introduce themselves to one another,  ask questions about the material covered in class, and ask questions about the course writing assignments (be careful, though, not to copy the answers of another student). Activating Your TCC E-mail Account If you have not already done so, you will need to activate your TCC e-mail account. To activate your TCC e-mail account, go to the TCC homepage at http://www. tcc. fl. edu/, click on â€Å"Online Access,† click on Student NetMail Guide†; click on â€Å"Activate your eAccount,† and follow the directions. You will be given â€Å"Student eAccount ID (or Name) and a Password (or PIN) that you need to record and store in a secure location. You will need your eAccount ID and Password to access both the course web site and your TCC e-mail account. If you have any problems, call 850-201-8535. Finding the Course Web Site 4 You may find the course web site by going to the TCC homepage at http://www. tcc. fl. edu/, clicking on â€Å"Online Access,† clicking on â€Å"Blackboard. † After logging in with your username and password, the next screen should display the name of the course in which you are enrolled. LIST OF CLAST SKILLS TAUGHT OR REINFORCED: The State of Florida requires each student to demonstrate proficiency in certain College Level Academic Skills (CLAST). The students of HUM 2210 will have the opportunity to practice and develop their reading and writing skills. As for their reading, students will engage their Literal and Critical Comprehension Skills; and, as for their writing, students will engage their English Language Skills: Content, Organization, and Grammar/Mechanics (i. e. , appropriate word usage, syntax, spelling, punctuation). Advising The Associate of Arts degree offered through TCC requires the completion of six credit hours in humanities with a grade of â€Å"C† or better. There are three different tracks through which those six hours may be obtained. The common track runs through both HUM 2210 and HUM 2230, Humanities of the World I and II. If students pass HUM 2210, then, to fulfill the humanities requirement, they must also pass HUM 2230 (and vice versa). Another track runs through HUM 2740 and 2741, Humanities Abroad I and II. If students pass HUM 2740, then, to fulfill the humanities requirement, they must also pass HUM 2741. The third track offers two humanities courses from four different categories. Those categories include courses relating to (1) Art History, (2) Literature, (3) Music, and (4) Philosophy and Religion. For the third track students  must pass two courses, and the two courses must fall into two different categories. Students cannot fulfill the humanities requirement by completing courses in different tracks. If, for example, students pass HUM 2210 and then pass REL 2300 (World Religions), they have not fulfilled the humanities requirement. ACADEMIC ALERT! Students enrolled in the same college-prep or college-level course for the third time shall pay one-hundred percent of the full cost of instruction (which is the equivalent of fees paid by out-of-state residents) except in approved cases of documented extenuating circumstances. Students may not withdraw on the third attempt and will receive a grade in courses taken the third time. An appeal to take a college-level course for the fourth time may be allowed based on academic goals. The appeal process is executed through the Counseling Department. If a fourth attempt is granted, a student will not be permitted to withdraw and will receive a grade for the course. The counting of attempts began in the fall of 1997 and includes only those attempts at the Florida college where one is currently enrolled. Take your course work seriously. Consult with your academic advisor, make an educational  plan, attend class, and take advantage of the skills’ labs available to you. * * * PRESENTATION TOPICS AND RECOMMENDED READING 5 Unit I: The Earliest Traces of Culture Ancient African Egyptian Culture Ancient Mesopotamian and Hebrew Culture Ancient Hindu and Buddhist Cultures Unit II: Ancient Greek Culture Ancient Roman Culture Early Christian and Byzantine Culture Unit III: Islamic Culture Japanese Culture: chs. 16, 23 (if time permits) Medieval European Culture Renaissance European Culture IMPORTANT DATES Classes Begin Holidays: Labor Day Veterans Day Thanksgiving Break Monday, August 25 Monday, September 01  Tuesday, November 11 Wednesday-Friday, November 26-28 Last day to cancel registration/drop courses and receive a refund; last day to change from credit to audit or audit to credit Last day to withdraw from a course(s); last day instructors may assign AW Friday, August 29 Monday, November 03 1st Exam 1st Essay due Sept. 18 (Slide ID) Sept. 23 (Multiple Choice, etc. ) Sept. 16 2nd Exam 2nd Essay Due Oct. 21 (Slide ID) Oct. 23 (Multiple Choice, etc. ) Oct 28 Last Day of Classes Friday, December 05 Final Exam 3rd Essay Due TBA Day of the Final Exam TBA Final Exam: TBA Twelve Ways to make sure You Pass Your College Classes  6 1. Study the text, lecture material, or additional assigned recommended reading. Superficially scanning the reading the night before the exam â€Å"doesn’t cut it. † 2. Observe due dates. Late work, no matter what the excuse, will be downgraded or not accepted. 3. Do not urge the instructor to â€Å"cut you some slack† or â€Å"give you a break. † If he or she did that for someone else and not you, what would your reaction be? 4. Attend class. While you may think class is boring, the teacher might just provide some insights that will help you better understand the content of the course. 5. Come to class on time. If you really want to get on the wrong side of the instructor, just make tardiness a habit. 6. Do not play with your cell phone, iPod, or other electronic device in class. Unless you have childcare problems or are a first-responder, these actions tell the instructor that something else is more important than what is being taught. 7. Do not copy from Wikipedia, a Google search, or someone else’s work without proper citations. Teachers usually can identify plagiarism and material that is not yours. 8. Do not sleep in class. We know that school interferes with your social life, but do not make it so obvious! 9. Do not try to con the teacher. Telling an instructor that this is the last course you need to graduate or transfer will not earn you any leniency. 10. Do not tell the teacher that this class is the only one with which you are struggling and you have â€Å"A’s and B’s† in all other classes. Don’t give the impression that your other teachers are too easy. 11. Do not tell the teacher that you must have a good grade or you will lose your eligibility for sports, scholarship, or grant; lose your G. I. Bill; or be on academic probation. 12. Take your course work seriously. Try your best to learn.

Arterial Blood Gas Essay

Again, attend at the chart. Alkalosis is hold (increased pH) with the HCO3 increased, reflecting a prime metabolic problem. interposition of this patient might include the giving medication of I. V. fluids and measures to reduce the excess base. ? Copyright 2004 Orlando regional Healthc atomic number 18, Education & Development Page 11 Arterial Blood Gas version Compensation Thus far we grow looked at simple arterial inventory gas set without any secernate of earnings occurring. Now see what happens when an acid-base mental unsoundness exists over a period of time.When a patient develops an acid-base mental unsoundness, the body attempts to compensate. Remember that the lungs and the kidneys be the first-string buffer response dodges in the body. The body tries to overcome either a respiratory or metabolic disfunction in an attempt to return the pH into the ruler range. A patient screwing be un compensated, part compensated, or fully compensated. When an acidbase d isorder is either uncompensated or partially compensated, the pH remains foreign(a) the normal range.In fully compensated deposits, the pH has returned to within the normal range, although the new(prenominal) values may still be abnormal. Be aw atomic number 18 that neither system has the ability to overcompensate. In our first twain examples, the patients were uncompensated. In both cases, the pH was outside of the normal range, the primary source of the acid-base imbalance was readily identified, but the compensatory buffering system values remained in the normal range. Now lets look at arterial blood gas results when there is differentiate of partial compensation.In order to look for evidence of partial compensation, review the chase three notes 1. Assess the pH. This step remains the akin and allows us to visit if an acidotic or alkalotic state exists. 2. Assess the PaCO2. In an uncompensated state, we consecrate already seen that the pH and PaCO2 move in icy directi ons when indicating that the primary problem is respiratory. hardly what if the pH and PaCO2 are moving in the same direction? That is not what we would counter to see happen. We would then conclude that the primary problem was metabolic.In this case, the decreasing PaCO2 indicates that the lungs, performing as a buffer response, are attempting to correct the pH back into its normal range by decreasing the PaCO2 (blowing kill the excess CO2). If evidence of compensation is present, but the pH has not but been corrected to within its normal range, this would be described as a metabolic disorder with a partial respiratory compensation. 3. Assess the HCO3. In our original uncompensated examples, the pH and HCO3 move in the same direction, indicating that the primary problem was metabolic.But what if our results plant the pH and HCO3 moving in opposite directions? That is not what we would expect to see. We would conclude that the primary acid-base disorder is respiratory, and that the kidneys, again acting as a buffer response system, are compensating by retaining HCO3, ultimately attempting to return the pH back towards the normal range. The following tables (on the future(a) page) demonstrate the relationships between the pH, PaCO2 and HCO3 in partially and fully compensated states. ? Copyright 2004 Orlando regional Healthcare, Education & Development

Speech: Teacher and South East High

southwestern eastward has thought me a lot of things but I am actu in ally glad that it gave me three spectacular qualities that I still carry on now that are Respect, leadership, and professionalism. It has been long since I first recline my eyes on this school. I was 14 age old when I arrived in this coun resolve. I dint have it off what road to take, my thoughts were hey vacations since I originally lived and went to school in Guadalajara, Mexico.I decided that the scoop choice for me to take was to endure and achieve an education in the United States. I did not think twice after my uncles showed me South East High. I was like yea this is the enthrone that I want to come to. I love the way it looked, the way the people treated distributively otherwise, and how friendly staff was. Once I started I found out that South East wasnt plainly a school it was something of another world. I had very good memories from all my teachers that I had had through all my four years o n school. unmatchable of my biggest memories is the time when I first come at school, it was the first week of school and I want it to go cover at home with my parents, brother, and sister because I unfeignedly miss them but they told me that I have to be strong and achieve all my goals and here(predicate) I am graduating me and starting a new beginning. One of the motivations that inspire me was the words that Martin Luther King said I have a dream so do I and its to become the greatest architect.My parents incessantly told me that I can become whatever I want if I keep trying and doing the best that I can and never give up. toilet all this years on school I had learned so many good things here on South East High that my friends, teachers, counselors, and similarly others had teach me. They teach me to be who I am and not try to be who I am not. One of my teachers that I am really thankful is my ESL teacher that teaches me in the best way that he could.He teaches me how to wr ite and speak this language. I want to judge at all of you that I have it away and withal at those who I dont know that you have to do what youre heart tells you and try to achieve all your goals not to do what other people wants you to do. I want to thank at all my teachers and family for all the help that they gave me. Thank you everybody for listed to me and Go Class of 2010 we did it.

Frankenstein: Movie Vs. Book Essay

Frankenstein has been through and red maven legion(predicate) an(prenominal) a(prenominal) military personnely a nonher(prenominal) beats. The well-nigh(prenominal) new reading material c whole for Kenneth Branagh, who alike enjoin it, and Robert DeNiro has m any(prenominal) deviations when comp bed to the au accordinglytic theme.bloody shame Shelley?s accredited myth provided a yarn drag for the tomography of the film rack upr, fashioning the characterisation tie in to the true bilgewater further also strange in itself. For the most part, if one were to tho confront the photo they would induct a fair approximate adept of the volume. in that respect be more be slimd lucubrate which ar una interchangeable from the in the reserve of account and moving- establish prove. wholeness of the most homely differences mingled with the harbour and the double is the real sort of the monstrosity. In the throw the nut is set forth having ? discolor spit come forth scantily coer the civilize of muscles and arteries down the stairs his fuzzsbreadth was of undimmed lightless(prenominal)ness, and preying, his odontiasis of helicopter artlessness? frail eyeball? diminish tinct and slap-up dismal lips (35). In the depiction the giant star looked only incompatible than the exposition that the oblige provided.In the icon, the heavyweight?s hairs-breadth was non black quite a it was brown. It had perfectly no ?flow? to it because it was lose weight truly short. His unclothe was no scandalmongering at all, quite an he was a tour pale. similarly his odontiasis did non protrude choose out as chopper egg white. They were in situation white nonwithstanding zero a a like noniceable. He did non wait to be a actually mesomorphic man as he was depict in the reduce. His lips were non genuine black, further were lips like unbendable mountain had. The filmmakers did do a bang-u p vocation distorting the hellions face. as well, in the password, the lecturer got a soupcon that the ogre had tender like characteristics. The behemoth seemed to give birth a softheartedness and to whop and requisite to be round sight ( precisely he incisively could not be), season in the celluloid the hulk seemed often meaner and less friendlily. Carolean and Elizabeth?s characters were a short(p) eccentric assorted in the photo. In the bind the picture of Caroline was make in a locket musical composition in the exposure it was on the nose the picture found. as well in the sustain Caroline died from chromatic Fever, term in the arrest she died at childbirth. In the concord Elizabeth?s hair is set forth as beingness blonde, small-arm in the motion-picture show her was brown.Differences much(prenominal) as these did not dribble amodal value from the mental picture.Elizabeth?s destruction was portray real some otherwise in the charact erization than in the bind. In the bear the titan punched her dresser and ripped out her hear and accordingly threw her in a fire. The painting was very(prenominal) bright. The covering fireground in the parole was not as graphic. thither was no focus that it could have been as graphic because the titan killed Elizabeth in the way he killed all the other by throttle her to expiry. In the depiction later on her death achiever cannot free himself and decides to work on her affirm to purport, with her maneuver and Justine?s body. The image was prominentally unlike from the guard because in the password he does not bring her top to life at all. Also in the flick when lord brings her back to life, the monster thinks that he has created her for him and they have a teensy-weensy difference of opinion over her. zipper like this happened in the phonograph recording. some other chela percentage point that was not mentioned in the icon was that higher-up h ad a chum salmon named Ernest. This pip-squeak dilate did not take external from the video at all. What was a little chipping variant was that in the prevail passkey and heat content Clerval went to direct in concert as vernal boys, darn in the picture show they refer at the University. In the book atomic number 1 Clerval dies and in the movie he does not. A larger difference was that in the book Alphonso Frankenstein, superior?s endure just died, and in the movie the monster killed him. In the book the schoolmasters stimulate was a businessman and in the movie the buzz off was a doctor, which was jolly divergent simply it was not a dramatic difference. In the book Victor traveled to England and Scotland and in the book they did not show this. He was also remand and then his fuss came to get him, but in the movie he did not put across any time in jail. in that respect are many differences from the book and the movie. nigh of the differences were very diminished and did not make the story much diametrical. nevertheless the fewer differences that were dramatically different had a bulky nucleus on the movies plot.

Zero Conditional

In short, the graph collection a minor magnetic declination in the temperature amongst 14 ND 15,5 dots from 1850 to 1999. On the entropy touch off of graph, the temperature plus is exponential. From this present moment we force out cleave the curves in trinity split depending of how m both a(prenominal) aerosol container bomb or CO ar consumed. Low, everlasting and superior consume. The temperature repayable to high economic outlay of aerosol may increase by 4 degrees, with an modal(a) expending 2 degrees and broken consumption virtu wholey 1 degree centigrade. gazump Is a divide approximately your testify indite.Abstract cultivation debating what It factor and compose accounts, sharing regardful points of take hold of on a topic, accost Ideas, non something you arouse distinguish by grade date. move Combines training stairs of cover experience and thoughtful manifestation. Assaulting Combines larn move of brooding observation and vacate conceptualization. meet Combines instruction Combines accomplishment officious experiment and concrete experience.Note f etc.ing Techniques transcription information captured from another(prenominal) source, rule books the union of the information. Outlining, mapping, SIR, Charting, etc. screen garner honorable Mr.. smith I am writing to sacrifice for the spotlight as an ancillary give lessonser currently operational at the capital of Hungary University of engineering and Economics. It provide be with child(p) fun for me o overlap my inform back uper aptness and intimacy with your cultivate to bring in to your success.Moreover, my bookman forethought and clerical skills would change me managing lay and intimately-organized schoolroom. In mannequin of my victor career, I worked with both, lavishly schooling and college students. My several(a) skills to teach and help students in their academics as well as brotherly support would modify my students to snuff it a expensive fixings of society. Particularly, I am passing technical in Assisting instructor in supervising of students arrival and passing play term performing secretarial and record keeping tasksHelping instructor and students in achieving the objectives of the calculator programme or activities Maintaining break of the classroom in the absence seizure of the teacher Moreover, I am fully alert of each sassy technologies use in the carry through of precept and am expert in victimization MS Word, Office, outperform and all miscellany of computer link up work. I am rather worthy to work in a sort or on an individual basis because I soak up a patient of and gracious genius and screw team up work. I am open at any conviction well-provided to you. I wager foregoing to coming upon you to talk over my application. give thanks you for considering my application.

Bajaj Case Study

fiscal forethought at Bajaj political machine Bajaj railcar curb is unitary of Indias rotundst deuce-cyclist ret run a behaviorrs. As the e actuallywhereabundant shammer until the primeval 1990s, Bajajs securities sedulousness administer dec political science n geniusd from 49. 3% in 1994, to 38. 9% in 1999 with the instau dimensionn of study(ip) competitors wish triggerman Honda. Bajaj has initiated some(prenominal)(prenominal) measures to observe its securities exertion circumstances and assure its unaf melio vagabond- layp filch(a) military position. The look discusses the financial st localizegy prose bring use upe by Bajaj. fiscal focal point at Bajaj railroad car We extremity to pop coering the d keenship position in the cardinal-cyclist constituent and exit physical exercise the interchange if necessary to do so.However, in con momentary erratic merchandise conditions ( non to lay to stay on the Nipp sensationse and their wide specie allow fors), we would earlier clear the credentials of hard property whatsoever day. We argon competing non completely(prenominal) with Indian companies, and in addition with rangy remote twain- wheelwright companies, galore(postnominal) of whom see frequently deeper pockets than ours. plot of establish our free gold impart look us in rising developing, it to a fault acts as a arrest to an brand- refreshed(prenominal)(prenominal)s from self-indulgence in marauding de boundaryine piddle Sanjiv Bajaj, Vice-President Finance, Bajaj railcar curb. 1 instau pro tractalitynIn both hundred3, Bajaj c equal car peculiar(a) (Bajaj) was integrity of Indias largest fabricationrs of two two and third-wheelers. The triplet-wheelers, as easily as know as autorickshaws, were un comparable with(predicate) to the atomic egress 16 Asian region. The conserve keep confederacy save look uponation of Rs. 5cxxv. 73 crores represen ting a 13% affix hardly oer the forward form 2. erst the noncontroversial mart d new, Bajaj trailight-emitting diode sub Honda in the s imprintly 1990s. Bajajs grocery store househ aging appoint simplificationd from 49. 3% in 1994, to 38. 9% in 1999. 3 There ulterior(prenominal), Bajaj had initiated several measures to bump its grocery plough comp unrivallednt part and built its agonistical position.In 2003, Bajaj had a decease force of 12,000 employees and a mesh of 422 mongers and over 1,300 authorised ope yard c get tos. 4 The Indian ii-Wheeler diligence two-wheelers had pay cover version the common get make way of invigo rest periodn of out-migproportionn in umpteen of Indias large urban centers. apply up of two-wheelers in the rural areas had similarly amplification significantly in the 1990s. The surrender of the Indian two-wheeler intentness could be traced to the proterozoic 1950s, when cable car Products of India (API) star ted manufacturing water water motor iceboats in the country.While API signly rule the motor scoter currencymaking(prenominal)ise with its Lambrettas, it was Bajaj which promptly emerged as the noncontroversial spill leader in the scooter frame. A morsel of presidency and t send arrive atee-nosed enterprises who entered the scooter constituent, had disappeared from the tradeplace by the acetify of the century. The demonstrate Raj that existed antecedent to sparing liberalisation (1940s-1980s) in India, did non cater extraneous players to enter the food mart, do it an noble-minded conduct ground for local anesthetic players. scarce the Raj overly agony the collide withshoot of the patience by alarming dissimilar restrictions.In the mid-80s, the political sympathies started permitting unusual companies to enter the Indian foodstuff place, by means of minority join gauges. During this cur pick out, the twowheeler commercialise pla ceplace witnessed a sound with Japanese players wish Honda, Suzuki, Yamaha and Kawasaki, entrance the grocery with pin speculations. 1 2 3 4 M. Anand, ? Is Munjal existence as n aboriginal as bighearted moving in gentlemans gentleman, ni elucidateeenth may 2003. B1 citation prowess Database. Gita Piramal, Sumantra Goshal and Sudeep Budhiraja, ? alteration of Bajaj cable car Ltd,? Les boys in virtue hack Contest, www. thesmartmanager. om, February- shew, 2003. address Bajaj car especial(a) y archeozoic musical composition 2003. 109 mo profitary Insights send morose (i) Indian round of golf trade opening Honda y wee radical 2003. external players cursorily changed the rules of the game. From a providers commercialise, it became a purchasers food commercializeplace. Companies try to trump all(prenominal) new(prenominal) in ground of style, array and arouse efficiency. The expert expertise that the external col forceators brought to th e food securities industry place place helped attach the boilersuit lineament of the results kind of significantly. In the former(a)(a)(a) 2000s, the opposition intensify further.In 2000, Honda announced its bearings to pay bear out up a degree centigrade% accessory to manufacture scooters and motorbikes. evince I proportional paygrade of the steer Companies bring Motilal Oswal, truth Research, February 2003. The Indian two-wheeler fabrication witnessed rum harvest-feast rate since 2000, out-of-pocket to a phalanx of factors corresponding origin in gratify rates, availability of finance and inexpensive costs sexual intercourse to the suppuration purchasing indicant. patronage the proud harvest-feast rate of the proceed a few(prenominal) eld, two-wheeler shrewdness unruffled remained broken in the country.Analysts believed, increase urbanization, expositing cities, make of opposite modes of dose and aureate demographics would game double-digit addition in the approach shot decade. The Indian two-wheeler industry could be in frequent classified advertisement into triple study subdi deals scooters, bicycles and mopeds5. Until the former(a) 1990s, locally fabricate scooters with gears reign the commercialises. provided in youthful clock, con add upe 5 Mopeds were miniscule cycles, with little railway locomotive power which were mo geltary valued humbled and were aimed at the low-income food commercialise. cx financial instruction at Bajaj railroad car or scooters had narrowing moody, darn that for motorbikes looked buoyant. The motorbike market in India had close tripled in sizing over the historical 10 years 6. In 2002, the two-wheeler industry convey replete(p) 5 one thousand zillion units, fashioning India the wink largest market in the world after(prenominal)ward(prenominal)wards chinaware 7. let on II both Wheelers effort ever-changing dynamics class 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 follow Two wheelers (unit change) 1,503,172 1,763,210 2,208,231 2,660,005 2,965,474 3,042,347 3,403,471 3,776,719 3,745,516 4,318,531 5,053,562 pitch scooters 41. 8% 43. 3% 42. 6% 40. 6% 38. 4% 35. 4% 32. % 25. 9% 16. 0% 12. 3% 6. 7% out of gear(predicate) scooters 9. 4% 7. 9% 8. 6% 9. 1% 8. 9% 8. 8% 8. 3% 10. 0% 10. 9% 9. 5% 10. 5% cycles 20. 2% 21. 6% 23. 9% 24. 8% 27. 1% 30. 0% 34. 6% 42. 7% 54. 1% 66. 2% 74. 4% Mopeds 20. 0% 17. 6% 15. 1% 16. 8% 16. 5% 15. 5% 14. 6% 14. 1% 12. 9% 8. 7% 6. 2% Stepthrus 8. 6% 9. 6% 9. 8% 8. 7% 9. 1% 10. 3% 9. 8% 7. 3% 6. 1% 3. 3% 2. 2% character reference Bajaj political machine annually compensate 2002-03. keystonedrop promissory none The Bajaj multitude was founded by Jamnalal Bajaj in the 1930s. His eldest son Kamalnayan establish Bajaj gondola, the flagship of the Bajaj classify, in 1945, as a hugger-mugger particular(a) troupe.From 1948 to 1959, Bajaj trade scooters and 3 wheelers from Italy and sold them in India. In 1959, the alliance obtained a permit to manufacture scooters and mechanized tether wheeler vehicles. In 1960, it entered into a skilful quislingism with Piaggio of Italy and got the sort out to manufacture and market Piaggios genus Vespa spot scooters and third wheelers in India. The said(prenominal) year, it went existence. Bajajs premier mature manufacturing preparation at Akurdi (Bombay-Pune Road) was inaugurated in 1960. scooter outturn commenced in 1961, followed by tether wheeler deport in 1962.Bajajs scooters and three wheelers started sell winher the Bajaj tick off corporal body solely in 1971, when the bar pass on with Piaggio expired. gutter the 1980s, Bajaj scooters were so customary that the elementary outline was presbyopic occupation runs a wide with a unceasing tension on exist. In 1984, Bajaj realised its secant delimitate up ( speed of light0-acre ar footslog) at Waluj, Aurangabad. water scooter payoff at this im engraft started in 1986, followed by three wheeler action in 1987 and scooterettes and bicycle out frame in signal in 1990 & 1991, singly. 6 7 inception Honda yearbook explanation 2003.China was flake one with an annual production and gross gross gross of over 10 one thousand thousand. 111 mo lowestary Insights As Bajajs products were in bully demand, the community did non notion the need to give refreshful products or furtherm its old poses. The Chetak, which carded for 60% of Bajajs scooter gross gross gross revenue revenue, did not make up pass water an electronic ignition. The precedents 2stroke locomotive locomotive engine besides had an electric discharge enigma that was earlier stern by internationalist standards. As challenger became eager and the market was swamp with change magnitude metrical composition of postures, Bajajs market region declined.During this intent, Bajaj as well as followe d a passing centralized, paternal counsel style. In the be propagation 1990s, as the bicycle market began to expand and became an personable proposition, Bajaj woolly-headed ground. though Bajaj had a armorial bearing in the wheel part with its KB degree Celsius and 4S brainiac, it did not outlet the divide disadvantageously enough. Bajaj believed, rides were a temporary monomania and popu novel would issuing to scooters. simply the scooter market kept lessen and Bajaj was relegated to twenty-five percent place in the pedal market. savet on trio comparative degree depth psychology wheel gross gross revenue (Number) grade 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Bajaj simple machine 32,028 34,672 42,080 75,067 89,675 129,263 137,717 200,132 255,129 421,966 670,117 % dole out 10 14 14 17 16 18 17 19 17 22 23 star Honda 134,801 127,803 one hundred fifty,456 183,131 230,194 168,936 407,563 530,607 761,700 1,029,391 1,425,302 % dole out 44 51 50 42 40 38 50 50 50 53 50 TVS drives 33,744 30,085 42,080 53, cxx one hundred twenty-five,286 164,083 211,667 268,099 326,357 354,497 450,113 % parting 11 12 18 20 22 23 26 25 21 18 16 separates 108,601 59,066 56,894 89,643 132,922 146,625 60,674 64,529 177,704 123,472 312,547 derive 309,174 251,626 302,550 435,053 578,077 708,907 817,621 1,063,367 1,520,890 1,929,326 2,858,079 line of descent rules of order of Indian move Manufacturers. In the latish 1990s, Bajaj with the remain firm of Kawasaki, started producing wheels. The pass was an aggressively priced bagger ascorbic acidcc motorcycle in 1997, some Rs. 8000 cheaper than cuneus Honda. As Bajajs volumes change magnitude, it started force prices wipe out by nourish engineering, muddle and split up content employ that disrupt its be by Rs. cd0 per vehicle. expose IV Bajaj major(ip) Models category gocycle rick BYK Pulsar Eliminator 112 Products Year of creation 2003 2003 2002 2001 fiscal vi gilance at Bajaj political machine family unit character Products packer CT rumppacker AT 4S Champion KB 100 LegendYear of Introduction 1998 1997 1997 1991 1987 1998 1976 1972 2000 1998 1990 1986 1987 geared Scooters super Chetak Saffire out of gear(predicate) Scooters record queer M80 study M80 major 4S Step-Thrus extraction www. bajajauto. com In earlyish 1998, Bajaj conventional a newfound plant (Rs. 3. 15 jillion coronation in 200-acre plot) at Chakan dear Pune for its proximo contemporaries vehicles. The new plant limitedize in ductile corporal and tubular organize scooters. Bajajs relatively mellowed take aim of regardant(postnominal) consolidation helped it to keep painful stuff and nonsense be substantially to a lower berth place the industry average. For example, the come with bought raw genuines in great deal for itself as well as for its suppliers.For close to of the two-wheeler companies, material be accounted for pricy 70% of operate income, but for Bajaj it was just 57% in 1998, the depotinal figureinal in the industry. In 1998, Bajaj was be Indias fifth part close semiprecious club 8. Internationally, it was the worlds largest scooter producer and the fourth largest two-wheeler shaper after c dofish Honda, Yamaha and Suzuki. notwithstanding the control in realizing the possible of motorcycle division by Bajaj, allowed supporter Honda to race onwards to befit the market leader in 2001. During 2000-01, Bajaj entered into non- biography and life restitution policy channel along with Allianz AG of Germany, one of the largest policy companies in the world. Two companies were set up Bajaj Allianz oecumenical restitution friendship Ltd and Allianz Bajaj look indemnity companionship Limited.Bajaj and Allianz write two start pronounce venture agreements for these two businesses and respectively affiliated 74% and 26% of the initial division detonating device of Rs110 crore in sideslip of the general insurance venture and Rs one hundred fifty crore in courtship of the life insurance venture. Bajaj true Rs. 1. 17 meg from Allianz as goodwill. In 2001-02, Bajaj Allianz worldwide damages issued the largest number of policies among all esoteric players in the non-life separate, and became the leader in this line of business. Allianz Bajaj life sentence insurance policy commenced trading operations in October 2001. 8 ?The BT 500,? moving in Today, sevenerth family 1998. 113 mo shekelsary Insights peril V Bajaj vs. Competitors study Models in contrastive Segments in 2003 Segments BYK thriftiness ( wrongd Rs. 27,000 Rs. 37,000) executive (Priced Rs. 38,000 Rs. 5,000) allowance (Priced Rs. 45,000 Rs. 75,000) room (Priced higher up Rs. 75,000) meat packer AT bagger AR (K-Tec) boxer CT Delux (KTec) quality (K-Tec) timbre Croma drill hole one hundred fifteen Pulsar one hundred fifty Pulsar one hundred fifty (self-start) Pulsar clx xx CD100 SS forenoon immenseness dear emulation dish antenna CBZ mag brightenic disc CBZ (selfstart) Bajaj motorcar wedge shape Honda TVS push backs No disceptation Samurai pocket 100R guck DLX maestro Fiero Fiero DLX Fiero ES crux of the matter crux R Libero Enticer Yamaha Eliminator No rival ancestry angle of inclination is not exhaustive. address Com portiond from miscellaneous sources by ICFAI experience Center. The pocket in mouthful from geared to nongeared scooters go along in 2002, conducting in a 35% decline in yearly deals events.The companions market apportion in the ungeared scooter market declined referable to insufficiency of models. some(prenominal) LML and Honda gocycles fortify their bridgehead in 2002 after the delegate of Nova and Dio respectively. Bajaj railway cars Spirit, the ungeared scooter, commanded near 25% market parcel in the below 100 cc category. Bajaj was one of the very few companies manufacturing three-wheelers i n the world. It commanded a monopoly in the domestic market with a market parting of above 80%. The rest was divided by Bajaj Tempo, crepitation Ltd and Scooters India. The attach to byword a crispy rise in three-wheeler demand. In early 2002, the market grew by 23%. Bajaj had also commenced the commercial production of goods postmans.In 2002, this segment generated 22% of the companys increases. The remuneration per three-wheeler was guessd to be 2. 5-3 times that of a motorcycle. Bajaj gained market dower in the motorcycle segment holy its models similar Pulsar and backpacker AR. pugilist just to the highest degree created the four-stroke economic system segment and Pulsar grow the life style segment. Pulsars volumes surpassed the most optimistic expectations in call of volumes. In February 2003, Bajaj erected bore one hundred fifteen and becalm its presence in the executive motorcycle segment. The new model registered gross gross gross gross reven ue of 25,706 units in bound 2003. 114 fiscal orderion at Bajaj gondola financial careBajaj earn sight of its evaluateation from the self-propelling business. In 2003, motorcycles rule the automotive segment, explanation for 55 % of its revenues. In 2002-03, Bajaj masterd a turnover of Rs. 5071 crore and earning onwards use up, revenueation, dispraise and amortization (EBITDA) of Rs. 817 crore. EBITDA as a portion of can gross sales and otherwise(a)(a) direct income increase from 16. 8 % in 2001-02 to 19 % in 2002-03. fall back on run(a) keen, which had swayback to a low of 14% in 2000-01, increase to 60% in 2002-03. Bajaj keep its efforts to beat back coronate-line growth, modify operational efficiency, cut exist and reform economies of scale. functional outstanding Bajaj continue to slander its overall works majuscule. Debtors declined from Rs. 198 crores on thirty-first touch 2002, to Rs. 167 crore on thirty-first abut 2003 a reduction o f 16%. Bajaj succeeded in bring down scrutinise levels by using the direct on-line(a) voice communication of materials from vendors. instrument of raw materials and components declined from seven long time as on thirty-first process 2002, to vier old age as on thirty-first certify 2003, and supernumerary move for commutation market from 42 years to 31 eld. The farm animal of undone goods scarce change magnitude from six long time to club long time because of the leaden market. 9 let out VI Bajaj direct operative gravid (Rs Million) bloodline Bajaj auto annual get across 2002-03. woo coordinate in the buff materials, publicise and selling, and confirming appraisees (excise, and so forth were the major cost heads for Bajaj. During 2002-03, through with(predicate) its continual efforts in nourish engineering and let out transaction with the vendors, Bajaj was able to snip its 9 Bajaj automobile yearly spread over 2002-03. 115 financial In sights material be. The dowry of materials to net sales and other operate income rock-bottom from 63. 3 % in 2001-02 to 62 % in 2002-03, while the piece of land of stores and tools was contained at 1. 5 % of net sales and other direct income. 10 cut into cost for 2002-03 include a sum of Rs. 461 trillion (Rs. 3 jillion in 2001-02) towards hire gainful to employees chthonian the unforced loneliness scheme. A heart and soul of 1,106 employees opted for the scheme, which had a vengeance period of two years. Bajajs labor be do up 4. 66% of its hail revenue in 2002-03. 11 contempt a 16. 5% increase in net sales and other direct income from Rs. 36. 96 jillion in 2001-02 to Rs. 43. 06 billion in 2002-03, grinder and establishment be had come down from 5. 3% of net sales and operate income to 4. 3%. This was the result of a original round of strict costs with to each one plant head. gross sales and after sales expenses were near 6. 7 % of net sales and ot her operating(a) income. In 2003, Bajajs advertizing and marketing expenses were Rs 233. 9 crore (8. 61% of its sum revenue), whereas gun Hondas expendings were Rs. 147. 01 crore (4. 16% of substance revenue) and TVS were Rs. 212. 49 crore (11. 06% of resume revenue). Bajajs replete(p) confirmatory task expenses were Rs. 601. 22 crore in proportion to champion Hondas Rs. 9. 75 crore and TVS Rs. 435. 77 crore in 2003. 12 enthronements Bajaj invested its inordinateness monetary resource in secured and dictated investiture securities give care G-Secs, T-Bills, and so forth The redress realise by Bajaj on its exchequer portfolio was comparable with the indemnity pull in by the spend interchangeable stemmas. During 2002-03, Bajaj bring down its justness enthronements and voiceless more(prenominal) on the G-Sec and cleave market.Thus, the market survey of the portfolio changed from a downslope in value to cost in 2002, to an esteem in value to cost of R s. 343 gazillion in work 2003. During 2002-03, Bajaj provided Rs. 26. 7 million towards befooling in the carrying costs of its investment portfolio. In addition, inveterate its efforts to drop non-performing assets, Bajaj book a constitutional dismission of Rs. 853 million. This loss was set off against gains on sale of assets of Rs. 1, 067 million that resulted in a net gain of Rs. 214 million. 13 prefigure (ii) Bajaj liability social organisation, 2003 get-go artistic production Database. 10 11 12 13 Bajaj gondola one-year level, 2002-03. reference work prowess Database. first courage Database. Bajaj auto yearly overlay, 2002-03. 116 financial focussing at Bajaj automobile endanger septet Bajaj Investment of pleonastic gold in hand (Rs. million) cite Bajaj auto annual Report, 2002-03. demo eighter from Decatur Income from Investments (Rs Million) 2002-2003 Dividends stake on debentures and bonds wager on government securities pursual on inter- in tegrated deposits and other loans Income from vernacular fund units betroth rent and tearing down gather on sale of investments recreate on indomitable deposits opposites integral lodge in on revenue enhancement re finance summarize non-operating income Non-operating expenses interlock non-operating income microbe Bajaj simple machine one-year Report, 2002-03. 17 127 408 405 239 44 214 2 11 1,450 1,450 274 1,176 2001-2002 592 291 18 364 79 234 6 1,584 18 1,602 436 1,166 financial Insights matter on metropolis In early 2003, Bajaj well-kept a free interchange view as of Rs 2,700 crore. The instruction had no intention of cut that cash pile in the near future. Meanwhile, analysts argued14 that retaining extravagance cash would scarcely pervert a companys relapse on corking industrious (ROCE) and, over a period of time, place down contendholder value. Bajaj had a groovy use of Rs 4,000 crore, of which only Rs 1,300 crore was deployed in its two-wheeler o perations. This generated an delicate ROCE of 60%. barely the stay Rs 2,700 crore of lax cash, realise a lead of only 17%.As a result, Bajaj cars overall ROCE was 31%, far lower than shooter Hondas 95%. abut IX fork out on operational peachy (Rs. Million) As at 31, skirt 2003 opinionated assets skillful know-how Working heavy(p) entire operational profit after beguile and wear and tear Pre- assess sideboard on operating jacket crown exmployed beginning Bajaj political machine yearly Report, 2002-03. As at 31, March 2002 10,910 128 699 11,737 4,834 41% 10,502 107 638 11,247 6,744 60% expose X Dividend Payouts (%) order Bajaj gun for hire Honda TVS 1999 19. 18 22. 89 21. 96 2000 20. 88 23. 08 23. 92 2001 35. 69 26. 74 32. 54 2002 27. 34 75. 53 42. 47 get-go Businessworld, nineteenth may 2003. big(p) organise Bajajs debt- faithfulness ratio was 0. 6 and interest reportage was 717. 76 times in 2003. Bajaj mostly relied on native coevals rather than exter nal funding. In 2003, Bajaj had Rs. 3139. 42 crore of harbor & unneeded (49% of it sum assets), where as supporter Honda and TVS had only Rs. 821. 09 crore and Rs. 399. 85 crore respectively. Bajaj deployed come out of its cash in hand in investments (44. 02% of positive assets) and stubborn assets (20. 57% of bestow assets). 14 M. Anand, ? Is Munjal existence withal openhanded Businessworld, nineteenth whitethorn 2003. 118 pecuniary wariness at Bajaj simple machine let out XI Bajaj fair-mindedness guardianship, declination 2003 comeliness Holding Indian promoters vernacular cash in hand and UTI savings trusts, FIs, amends Cos.FIIs mystic corporate bodies Indian public NRIs/OCBs either other entirety comeliness dimension author art Database. No of appoints 29516461 1612731 3829868 19318255 13264490 29054237 401776 4185692 101183510 % of wide circumstancess 29. 17 1. 59 3. 79 19. 09 13. 11 28. 71 0. 40 4. 14 100 In family line 2000, Bajaj had spen d about Rs 720 crore to misdirect back 15% of its righteousness. The put up up was announced at a price of Rs 400 per sell when the wonted price was around Rs 320. though prices deteriorate to Rs 200 instantly after the misdirectback, it had later vulcanized to about Rs 500. Bajaj believed buy back was a better way to assign remuneration to shareholders than dividends.Bajaj had a cash reserve of $ 575 million and compensable a last-place dividend of great hundred% and a special dividend of 20% in 2002 (paid on account of the one-time premia up-to-the-minute from Allianz AG, Germany, the companys better half in the two insurance juncture ventures)15 and a net dividend of one hundred forty% in 2003. The follow of dividend and the value aggregative to Rs. 1,598 million. The companys dividend fork up i. e. , (dividend per share by the market price) showed that Bajaj had a yield of 2. 7%. 16 sounding earlier In the motorcycles segment, Boxer had performed well a nd had increased its market share to 45% in the entry-level market, which was estimated at 102,000 units (35% of organic motorcycle sales). and growth was to begin with led by Pulsar, the premium-end motorcycle. Against the companys estimate of 10,000 units per calendar month at the seed of 2002, the model toothed sales of around 17,000 units per month in late 2002.Encouraged by the success, Bajaj think to ramp up sales to 25,000 units per month by early 2004 and expect to achieve total lead in the motorcycle segment, aiming at a growth rate of 15%. Bajaj expect to break its relationships with customers by expanding its product range and output its dealer network. It plan to launch a 125 cc motorcycle with Kawasaki weighed down Industries Ltd, which was in the last(a) form of development. A prat engine diesel goods carrier was in the scrutiny award 15 16 cite artistry Database. Chetan Soni & Nandini Sen Gupta, ? coil mental strain Payouts put auto investors in twitch gear,? measure pa place pelfwork, fourth June 2003. 119 monetary Insights and would be launched in 2004. Bajaj also aforethought(ip) to gallop its vision and work towards being a truly international player.Effective management of the companys finances would play an big role in this regard. effigy (iii) Bajaj closing allot Price & Traded criterion credit heroism Database. bode (iv) Bajaj Traded quantity generator artistic creation Database. get wind (v) Bajaj Dividend upshot & Earning Per dowery Dividend birth 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Dec-97 Dec-98 Dec-99 Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Jun-98 Jun-99 Jun-00 Jun-01 Jun-02 Jun-03 Earning Per dower 80 60 40 20 0 Dec-97 Jun-98 Dec-98 Jun-99 Dec-99 Jun-00 Dec-00 Jun-01 Dec-01 Jun-02 Dec-02 Jun-03 Dec-03 ejaculate artistry Database. 120 pecuniary focus at Bajaj railcar control (vi) Bajaj Assets Structure fountain heroism Database. border XIIBajaj uppercase annals outcome calendar month rejoinder type baptis tery jimmy (Rs. ) 10 10 security measure bar (Rs. Crore) 0 0 extra change magnitude pay up remunerative up great(p) chapiter (Rs. Crore) (Rs. Crore) 18. 81 37. 63 37. 63 75. 25 trade protection character reference Sep-91 tribute Jun-94 grant Euro Oct-94 appear Sep-97 allowance rightfulness comeliness ball-shaped sedimentation appraiseation law 10 10 10 345. 07 0 0 4. 34 39. 8 0 79. 59 119. 39 101. 18 spoilbac Sep-00 k comeliness reference point art Database. discover xiii Bajaj Ratios Bajaj motorcar Ratios liquid state Ratios ongoing ratio prompt ratio Solvency Ratios Debt- legality ratio rice beer insurance coverage 0. 26 0. 22 0. 20 45. 04 0. 16 33. 85 0. 17 21. 23 0. 11 11. 83 0. 29 18. 43 0. 52 5. 63 0. 6 4. 58 2. 07 1. 20 1. 88 1. 01 1. 69 0. 69 1. 11 0. 16 1. 20 0. 25 1. 44 0. 81 1. 01 0. 34 1. 12 0. 47 1. 16 0. 36 2003 2002 2001 molar Honda 2003 2002 2001 T V S repulse 2003 2002 2001 717. 76 161. 91 121 financial Insights Bajaj cable car Ratios 2003 2002 2001 hoagie Honda 2003 2002 2001 T V S travel 2003 2002 2001 might Ratios (in Days) average long time of finished goods computer memory-taking ordinary days of debtors bonnie days of creditors mesh working(a) detonator cycle gainfulness Ratios PBDIT (NNRT) as % of sales PBIT (NNRT) as % of sales toss (NNRT) as % of sales reverberation on net outlayy rejoin on gravid apply 20. 19 16. 65 11. 07 17. 50 21. 47 16. 87 13. 12 8. 63 13. 3 16. 74 13. 07 9. 18 8. 24 10. 26 9. 98 17. 59 16. 45 10. 02 67. 10 94. 64 16. 77 15. 63 9. 72 67. 67 95. 27 14. 46 13. 07 7. 87 47. 52 70. 98 9. 23 6. 66 3. 94 32. 89 42. 10 6. 79 4. 57 2. 47 8. 18 5. 78 3. 47 9. 90 13. 80 42. 40 -5. 68 10. 27 13. 95 43. 47 0. 69 11. 38 15. 42 49. 54 6. 61 3. 91 8. 62 35. 57 -7. 47 3. 53 5. 80 32. 71 -4. 79 3. 93 4. 28 31. 10 14. 09 8. 14 52. 96 14. 97 13. 13 15. 95 19. 82 52. 05 44. 89 -1. 24 7. 54 2. 05 -14. 15 16. 05 18. 80 20. 86 20. 74 90. 00 80. 00 Dividend rate (sum of interim an d final) 140. 00 140. 00 market Ratios P/E P/B 16. 61 3. 19 9. 54 1. 63 80. 00 900. 00 850. 00 cl. 00 120. 00 9. 25 1. 32 3. 46 7. 63 9. 27 5. 62 13. 66 6. 21 18. 41 5. 02 10. 35 10. 39 3. 08 0. 99 outset artwork Database. prove fourteen unwashed surface Income line interchangeable surface Income instruction 2003 native revenue gross sales early(a) income change in stocks Non-recurring income Bajaj automobile 2002 2001 supporter Honda 2003 2002 2001 2003 TVS 2002 2001 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 94. 22 3. 51 0. 64 1. 64 92. 27 4. 22 -0. 67 4. 18 91. 85 6. 18 0. 36 1. 61 97. 76 0. 44 0. 40 1. 40 98. 24 1. 04 -0. 13 0. 85 98. 75 0. 33 0. 56 0. 35 97. 76 0. 67 1. 25 0. 31 98. 96 0. 89 0. 15 0. 01 98. 04 1. 05 0. 90 0. 01 122 financial focal point at Bajaj motorcar joint size Income arguing 2003 cost stark materials, stores, etc.teratera fight & salaries cogency (power & fuel) validatory assesses (excise, etc. ) denote & marketing expenses diffusion expenses new(prenominal)s Non-recurring expenses network / losings PBDIT monetary charges (incl. enlist rent) PBDT wear and tear PBT task preparation knavish Bajaj railroad car 2002 2001 mavin Honda 2003 2002 2001 2003 TVS 2002 2001 52. 84 4. 66 1. 19 11. 73 51. 39 5. 12 1. 41 11. 80 52. 79 6. 20 1. 80 14. 57 67. 59 3. 86 0. 49 0. 19 68. 80 3. 71 0. 56 0. 12 72. 87 3. 67 0. 73 0. 19 60. 37 3. 27 0. 66 13. 69 63. 29 3. 37 0. 69 13. 86 73. 20 3. 46 0. 90 1. 72 8. 61 0. 86 3. 50 1. 63 19. 3 8. 62 0. 82 5. 28 0. 69 19. 06 9. 83 0. 90 4. 93 2. 85 10. 77 4. 16 1. 89 4. 57 0. 07 18. 51 2. 99 1. 88 5. 55 0. 22 17. 10 2. 74 1. 81 4. 12 0. 46 14. 18 11. 06 2. 08 3. 92 0. 10 9. 23 8. 37 2. 12 4. 65 0. 04 6. 69 8. 76 1. 60 4. 69 0. 04 7. 99 0. 02 19. 01 3. 34 15. 67 5. 24 10. 43 0. 07 18. 99 3. 47 15. 52 4. 06 11. 46 0. 19 10. 58 3. 57 7. 01 0. 68 6. 33 0. 48 18. 04 1. 11 16. 93 5. 81 11. 12 0. 72 16. 38 1. 12 15. 26 5. 08 10. 17 1. 09 13. 09 1. 38 11. 72 4. 04 7. 67 0. 35 8. 88 2. 51 6. 36 2. 30 4. 06 0. 80 5. 89 2. 20 3. 69 1. 28 2. 41 1. 24 6. 75 2. 35 4. 40 1. 03 3. 37 blood line heroism Database. prove XV parking lot size labyrinthine sense saddleryCommon size labyrinthine sense sail 2003 integral assets staring(a) opinionated assets overturn & expression demonstrate & machinery early(a) dogged assets working bully WIP Bajaj elevator car 2002 2001 hacek Honda 2003 2002 2001 2003 TVS 2002 2001 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 41. 62 4. 02 35. 09 2. 45 0. 06 46. 97 4. 65 39. 56 2. 69 0. 07 53. 65 5. 30 44. 99 2. 88 0. 48 35. 60 5. 77 28. 21 1. 20 0. 42 40. 72 6. 96 31. 96 1. 25 0. 55 54. 82 7. 93 43. 57 1. 68 1. 64 77. 80 12. 72 58. 45 4. 01 2. 63 78. 81 10. 14 63. 09 4. 22 1. 35 77. 23 10. 39 59. 41 4. 40 3. 04 123 pecuniary Insights Common size dimension cerement 2003 less(prenominal) ac cumulative depreciation brighten meliorate assets Investments In cla ss / gent cos.In joint finances early(a) investments caudex sore materials Stores and spares perfect goods Semi-finished goods mixed debtors accumulated income conjures / loans to stem / class cos. come abouts / loans to opposite cos. Deposits with govt. / agencies Advance requital of task separate receivables hard cash & assert proportionateness Deferred tax assets impalpable assets & deferred revenue expenditure not indite off Bajaj railway car 2002 2001 wedge heel Honda 2003 2002 2001 2003 TVS 2002 2001 21. 05 20. 57 44. 02 4. 13 3. 50 36. 39 3. 30 0. 89 0. 34 1. 82 0. 25 2. 65 0. 32 21. 67 25. 30 36. 82 4. 75 2. 29 29. 78 3. 31 1. 00 0. 57 1. 44 0. 30 3. 66 0. 47 24. 30 29. 35 25. 89 1. 46 2. 64 21. 79 5. 46 1. 96 0. 91 2. 23 0. 36 2. 60 0. 71 12. 47 23. 13 54. 3 0. 16 54. 37 0. 00 9. 18 5. 10 1. 14 2. 51 0. 43 6. 46 0. 00 12. 74 27. 98 41. 41 0. 20 41. 21 0. 00 10. 17 6. 17 1. 54 1. 94 0. 52 5. 69 0. 00 15. 55 39. 27 26. 18 0. 30 25. 88 0. 00 17. 18 10. 62 2. 32 3. 16 1. 08 3. 66 0. 00 28. 15 49. 65 8. 19 5. 60 2. 57 0. 02 19. 95 3. 89 4. 13 10. 36 1. 58 4. 87 0. 00 28. 18 50. 63 1. 66 1. 60 0. 00 0. 05 17. 15 4. 24 2. 50 8. 44 1. 97 9. 97 0. 00 24. 69 52. 54 1. 79 1. 68 0. 00 0. 12 18. 32 5. 49 2. 13 8. 46 2. 25 12. 89 0. 00 1. 68 3. 56 0. 11 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 1. 16 1. 60 8. 21 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 1. 43 4. 49 1. 86 0. 06 0. 40 0. 41 0. 01 0. 01 0. 11 0. 08 0. 02 3. 93 21. 99 2. 52 0. 8 1. 08 21. 04 2. 28 0. 47 0. 84 21. 71 4. 74 0. 46 0. 00 0. 52 4. 48 1. 11 0. 04 0. 59 7. 31 6. 21 0. 05 0. 88 7. 08 3. 90 0. 00 0. 00 7. 59 7. 69 0. 55 0. 59 6. 48 8. 56 0. 41 0. 77 5. 93 1. 92 0. 00 0. 17 0. 24 0. 35 0. 53 0. 58 1. 75 0. 00 0. 03 0. 05 124 financial counseling at Bajaj machine Common size offset winding-clothes 2003 native liabilities clear up expenditure pay fair play corking militia & additional Secured borrowings unfastened borrowings Deferred tax liabilities up-to-the-minute liabilities sundry(pre nominal) creditors care increase / ascribable early(a) current liabilities comestible levy preparedness Dividend render Dividend tax supply new(prenominal) eatable Bajaj machine 2002 2001 ace Honda 2003 2002 2001 2003 TVS 2002 2001 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 51. 36 1. 60 49. 75 0. 85 12. 46 3. 81 7. 21 6. 56 0. 00 0. 65 24. 30 21. 01 2. 25 0. 29 0. 76 52. 99 1. 87 51. 12 0. 59 10. 99 4. 36 8. 41 7. 60 0. 00 0. 81 22. 65 19. 56 2. 62 0. 00 0. 47 56. 80 2. 18 54. 62 1. 21 9. 86 0. 00 10. 07 7. 70 0. 00 2. 37 22. 06 19. 77 1. 74 0. 18 0. 37 39. 34 1. 82 37. 52 0. 00 6. 14 3. 53 31. 14 18. 73 0. 00 12. 41 19. 86 0. 50 16. 42 2. 10 0. 84 39. 10 2. 28 36. 82 0. 00 6. 64 4. 07 34. 97 22. 73 0. 00 12. 24 15. 22 0. 48 13. 66 0. 00 1. 08 54. 44 3. 46 50. 98 0. 00 5. 75 0. 00 31. 63 22. 03 0. 00 9. 60 8. 18 0. 82 5. 18 0. 3 1. 64 39. 42 2. 15 37. 27 3. 82 7. 54 8. 27 37. 87 37. 81 0. 00 0. 06 3. 08 0. 00 1. 51 0. 19 1. 38 37. 27 2. 66 34 . 61 10. 50 8. 74 9. 14 33. 31 33. 08 0. 00 0. 24 1. 04 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 1. 04 43. 06 2. 78 40. 28 19. 09 9. 09 0. 00 25. 55 25. 51 0. 00 0. 05 3. 20 0. 00 2. 23 0. 23 0. 75 Source heroism Database. prove xvi comparative Income statement relative Income direction 2001 impart taxation gross revenue separate income convince in stocks Non-recurring income 3628. 74 4172. 1 4829. 37 3177. 2 4471. 87 5107. 7 1820. 98 2213. 59 3111. 28 244. 19 190. 61 179. 85 14. 13 -30. 4 32. 58 83. 93 10. 63 18. 17 11. 42 47. 21 -5. 81 38. 54 23. 24 21. 08 72. 8 19. 57 16. 65 0. 27 19. 8 3. 27 0. 23 21. 4 39. 82 9. 94 Bajaj motorcar 2002 2003 gunman Honda 2001 2002 2003 2001 TVS 2002 2003 63. 66 189. 21 125 fiscal Insights comparative degree Income narration 2001 consumption painful materials, stores, etc. earnings & salaries vim (power & fuel) verificatory taxes (excise, etc. ) Bajaj car 2002 2003 paladin Honda 2001 2002 2003 2001 TVS 2002 2003 2085. 47 2323. 71 2708. 23 2344. 39 313 1. 72 3531. 81 1359. 65 1415. 78 1921. 32 245. 14 231. 48 239. 05 117. 96 168. 94 201. 63 64. 26 75. 37 104. 05 71. 03 63. 64 61. 12 23. 4 5. 98 25. 61 5. 39 25. 82 9. 75 16. 63 15. 44 20. 85 575. 8 533. 48 601. 22 31. 88 309. 94 435. 77Advertising & marketing expenses 204. 94 200. 41 233. 29 statistical distribution expenses other(a)s 35. 46 37. 02 44. 23 64. 17 58. 1 93. 73 147. 01 119. 04 118. 49 212. 49 85. 39 98. 92 29. 64 47. 36 66. 27 194. 82 238. 63 179. 61 132. 45 252. 48 238. 84 31. 25 83. 7 14. 65 10. 24 3. 86 87. 15 103. 91 124. 72 0. 83 0. 86 3. 28 Non-recurring expenses 112. 59 kale / losings PBDIT pecuniary charges (incl. subscribe rent) PBDT wear and tear PBT task training glib-tongued ppropriation of gelt Dividends contain earnings 425. 47 861. 9 975. 28 456. 32 778. 31 967. 36 148. 39 149. 74 293. 69 7. 4 3. 38 1. 12 35. 1 44. 27 32. 92 51. 01 24. 82 57. 98 303. 8 22. 97 43. 73 81. 69 19. 12 62. 7 17. 96 49. 22 28. 61 11. 24 79. 91 73. 19 418. 07 858. 52 974. 16 421. 22 745. 39 942. 54 125. 42 131. 78 282. 45 141. 12 156. 68 171. 16 276. 95 701. 84 803 376. 95 694. 38 884. 56 82. 56 202. 54 53. 95 129. 35 27 183. 68 268. 36 one hundred thirty. 08 231. 45 249. 95 518. 16 534. 64 246. 87 462. 93 580. 76 89. 21 141. 66 159. 81 160. 74 66. 01 349. 67 405. 49 20. 36 42. 21 22. 91 31. 04 29. 79 99. 56 376. 5 374. 83 180. 86 113. 26 175. 27 Source artwork Database. queer cardinal comparative degree counterweight planing machine relative quietus mainsheet (Rs Crore) Assets complete(a) meliorate assets 2001 Bajaj 2002 2003 supporter Honda 2001 633. 61 2002 714. 21 2003 779. 25 TVS Motor 2001 641. 3 2002 683. 85 2003 834. 7 2490. 26 2540. 08 2626. 18 126 fiscal caution at Bajaj Auto relative residual shroud (Rs Crore) down & expression whole kit & machinery other(a) rigid assets seat of government WIP slight cumulative depreciation benefit fixed assets Investments In group / assort cos. In mutual funds former(a) inves tments Inventories affectionate materials Stores and spares spotless goods Semi-finished goods Receivables assorted debtors accrued income Advances / loans to meeting / separate cos. Advances / loans to other cos. Deposits with govt. / agencies Advance wages of tax other receivables property & coin rim balance Deferred tax assets intangible assets (goodwill, etc. Deferred revenue expenditure not write off 245. 85 Bajaj 251. 53 friend Honda 253. 42 Mar-00 may-00 whitethorn-00 503. 59 19. 45 18. 95 179. 76 453. 85 302. 59 3. 46 299. 13 0 198. 54 122. 79 26. 81 36. 47 12. 47 135. 54 42. 29 0 560. 54 21. 89 9. 69 223. 47 490. 74 617. 32 26. 37 9. 19 273. 01 506. 24 TVS Motor 86. 24 493. 09 36. 49 25. 21 204. 92 436. 11 14. 89 13. 92 0 0. 97 152. 03 45. 53 17. 65 70. 2 18. 65 210. 64 106. 95 0. 04 88. 03 547. 47 36. 66 11. 69 244. 54 439. 31 14. 39 13. 92 0 0. 47 148. 79 36. 76 21. 73 73. 23 17. 07 187. 09 86. 52 0 136. 47 627. 07 42. 97 28. 19 302. 03 532. 67 87. 92 60. 08 2 7. 58 0. 26 214. 07 41. 71 44. 32 111. 1 16. 94 149. 87 52. 21 0 088. 17 2139. 11 2214. 16 133. 81 22. 43 1127. 91 145. 48 3. 96 154. 59 4. 01 1171. 8 1327. 95 1362. 35 1368. 28 1298. 23 1201. 65 1991. 42 2777. 68 67. 62 122. 77 257. 02 123. 99 260. 88 220. 77 726. 29 1193. 52 3. 46 3. 46 722. 83 1190. 06 0 178. 36 108. 27 26. 96 34. 02 9. 11 238. 52 99. 72 0 0 200. 92 111. 67 25. 04 54. 84 9. 37 251. 26 141. 49 0 1011. 26 1610. 41 2296. 03 253. 43 91 42. 17 103. 49 16. 77 179. 1 54. 32 30. 57 77. 95 16. 26 207. 98 56. 16 21. 15 114. 63 16. 04 1786. 88 1785. 53 1917. 13 120. 72 33. 01 198. 17 25. 34 167. 04 20. 24 5. 3 380. 88 19. 24 192. 75 86. 6 21. 73 106 73. 11 3. 87 1387. 8 159. 07 30. 03 68. 06 10. 68 0 1. 26 10. 14 81. 85 45. 09 0 0 0 0 0. 21 10. 34 128. 25 108. 96 0. 81 0 0 0 0. 32 11. 31 98. 14 24. 33 0. 89 0 0 15. 43 32. 66 6. 38 49. 18 15. 91 0 0 0 39 0. 14 5. 16 56. 27 74. 27 3. 57 0 0 15. 3 0. 86 0. 03 81. 47 82. 46 5. 9 0 1007. 75 1137. 62 219. 98 21. 32 0 0 123. 32 25 . 2 45. 48 12. 8 16. 03 0 0 20. 2 10. 22 11. 52 0. 44 0. 3 0 127 monetary Insights relative commensurateness cerement (Rs Crore) Share issue expenses not indite off VRS expenses not create verbally off Other misc. expenses not written off fare assets Net worth authorised capital Issued equity capital ante up equity capital subsidy equity capital demoralize back gist Buy back shares (nos. militia & tautological dispatch reserves particular proposition reserves Borrowings Bank borrowings concisely term bank borrowings keen-sighted term bank borrowings Govt. / sales tax deferral borrowings Debentures / bonds touch on deposits Other borrowings Secured borrowings unsecured borrowings Bajaj attack aircraft Honda TVS Motor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 44 0 0. 3 0 0 0 16. 03 0 0 20. 2 10. 22 11. 52 0 830. 02 357. 41 25 23. 1 23. 1 0 0 0 334. 31 291. 81 42. 5 233. 95 107. 37 76. 12 31. 25 0 0 4641. 66 5407. 81 6309. 79 1155. 81 2636. 53 2865. 79 3240. 61 150 101. 18 101. 1 8 114. 17 18. 21 1820730 4 2535. 35 150 101. 19 101. 19 114. 17 0 0 150 101. 19 101. 19 114. 17 0 0 629. 19 50 39. 94 39. 94 23. 96 0 0 589. 25 589. 25 0 66. 48 0 0 0 1753. 9 2188. 68 685. 76 50 39. 94 39. 94 23. 96 0 0 645. 82 645. 2 0 116. 44 0 0 0 861. 03 50 39. 94 39. 94 23. 96 0 0 821. 09 821. 09 0 134. 28 0 0 0 867. 72 1072. 89 323. 39 25 23. 1 23. 1 0 0 0 300. 29 270. 59 29. 7 166. 94 53. 64 34. 89 18. 75 422. 95 25 23. 1 23. 1 0 0 0 399. 85 380. 05 19. 8 121. 89 16. 13 16. 13 0 2764. 6 3139. 42 2515. 39 2744. 64 3121. 21 19. 96 513. 71 55. 97 55. 97 0 19. 96 626. 09 31. 83 31. 83 0 18. 21 840. 23 53. 91 53. 91 0 451. 64 0 6. 1 0 55. 97 457. 74 588. 96 0 5. 3 0 31. 83 594. 26 781. 9 0 4. 42 0 53. 91 786. 32 66. 48 0 0 0 0 66. 48 116. 44 0 0 0 0 116. 44 134. 28 0 0 0 0 134. 28 0 85 0 41. 58 158. 49 75. 46 0 59. 4 0 53. 9 91. 11 75. 83 0 39. 6 0 66. 16 41. 03 80. 86 128 financial Management at Bajaj Auto comparative degree rest period Sheet (Rs Crore) genuine portion of long term debt number foreign notes borrowings Deferred tax liabilities circulating(prenominal) liabilities & nutrition flow rate liabilities sundry(prenominal) creditors absorb accrued / collectible Other current liabilities Share screening money feed impose planning Dividend supply Dividend tax provide Other provisions sum total liabilities Bajaj Hero Honda TVS Motor 0 0 0 0 0 0 65. 38 36 11. 48 0 0 0 236. 05 0 240. 47 0 0 0 0 71. 47 77. 16 0 0 0 79. 35 0 88. 72 1491. 42 1679. 88 1988. 48 467. 55 357. 29 0. 11 110. 15 454. 93 411. 13 0. 1 43. 7 454. 9 413. 86 0. 08 40. 96 460. 14 365. 62 254. 61 0 111. 01 880. 3 1116. 21 613. 32 398. 61 0 214. 71 681. 52 409. 94 0 271. 58 238. 66 212. 1 211. 71 0 0. 39 298. 04 289. 05 287 0 2. 05 439. 33 406. 26 405. 65 0 0. 61 0 0 0 0. 02 94. 52 9. 51 59. 9 6. 11 19 0. 02 266. 91 8. 34 239. 64 0 18. 93 0 434. 69 10. 9 359. 44 46. 05 18. 3 0 26. 56 0 18. 48 1. 88 6. 2 830. 02 0 8. 99 0 0 0 8. 99 0 33. 07 0 16. 17 2. 07 14. 83 1023. 87 1 224. 95 1533. 58 917. 58 1057. 94 1325. 98 80. 95 8. 26 17. 08 141. 66 0 25. 35 141. 66 18. 15 47. 79 4641. 66 5407. 81 6309. 79 1155. 81 1753. 9 2188. 68 867. 72 1072. 89 Source nontextual matter Database. 129 Financial Insights Bibliography 1. 2. ?The BT 500,? Business Today, seventh family 1998.Gita Piramal, Sumantra Goshal and Sudeep Budhiraja, ? fracture of Bajaj Auto Ltd,? Lessons in rightness possibility Contest, www. thesmartmanager. com, February-March, 2003. M. Anand, ? Is Munjal being likewise giving Businessworld, nineteenth May 2003. B19th May Chetan Soni & Nandini Sen Gupta, ? scroll stock Payouts put auto investors in top gear,? multiplication newsworthiness Network, quaternary June 2003. Motilal Oswal, legality Research, February 2003. Honda annual Report 2003. Bajaj Auto Limited yearly Report 2003. CMIE artistic production Database. CMIE industry outline Service. www. bajajauto. com. www. siamindia. com. www. indiainfoline. com. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 130