Prevention And Prevention Of Immunization - 1113 Words

Immunization can be defined as the process in which a person, typically at an infant age, is made immune to infectious diseases usually through the administration of vaccines. Doctors and healthcare providers recommend vaccainations to infants to protect them from common diseases that can be deadly especially to young children and infants. The process, as explained by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is referred to as the â€Å"4:3:1:3 series,† which represents the number of dosages of vaccines required to fend off diseases such as mealses, mumps, tetsnus, and many others (â€Å"Immunization†). In recent years there has been a movement mainly empowered by new mothers to forgo some or all vaccinations for their children. The following paragraphs will include an anylsis uncovering what has caused a decrease in vaccinations of children, as well as, exploring what effects this has had on the community. When observing statsically research over the past tw o decades there seems to be two consistent themes for reasonings behind forgoing vaccinations of children which will be discussed later. However, these two reasonings might shed light on the topic and help explain the existence of this trend. A report released by the California Department of Public Safety shows that there has been an increase for both public and private schools from 2007 to 2014 of 2.6% to 5.7% of students receiving expemtions from vaccinations at the statewide level. The report also illistrated thatShow MoreRelated Vaccinations Necessary to the Nation’s Youth Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibility for their child’s health, including deciding whether or not to vaccinate. Immunizations serve as the most efficient way to prevent possible life threatening diseases, including mumps, Hepatitis B, and polio, from affecting children, not only during adolescence, but also throughout their adult lives. Parents need to make the informed decision to vac cinate their children. If asked about the subject of immunizations, almost any medical doctor will promote vaccination as the most effective interventionRead MoreImmunization Awareness For Children With Hiv1512 Words   |  7 Pages Immunization awareness for parents of children diagnosed with HIV ages 6 months to 18 years in the Little Egypt community Olga Kalantyreva University of Central Florida Immunization awareness for parents of children diagnosed with HIV ages 6 months to 18 years in the Little Egypt community Part I: Community Diagnosis The community diagnosis that is examined and outlined in this health promotion paper is a knowledge deficit of immunization among parents of children diagnosed withRead MoreThe Impact Of The Affordable Care Act1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe Affordable Care Act created the Prevention and Public Health Fund, which is the nation’s first mandatory funding system dedicated to improving the nation’s public health system. The fund works to â€Å"Provide expanded and sustained national investments in prevention and public health, improve health outcomes, and enhance health care quality† (U.S Department of Health Human Services, 2017). The Prevention and Public Health Fund allocates funds to different agencies, such as the Administration forRead MorePublic Health Issue : Anti Vaccination1357 Words   |  6 Pagesmay lead to outbreaks of other serious diseases.† According to the same article, â€Å"for measles and whooping cough [to be avoided], at least 92% of ki ds need to be immune.† That is to say, at least 92 percent of children need to have had their full immunization in order to avoid specific disease outbreaks such as measles and whooping cough. As the stereotype against immunizing children becomes more prevalent, children (even if they are completely immunized) are increasingly placed at risk. Vaccines areRead MoreChildhood Inoculations974 Words   |  4 Pageschildhood vaccinations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends a series of vaccinations that include 26 doses of various vaccinations before age 6. Each state regulates and enforces the requirements for childhood vaccinations in the United State. Some parents believe that vaccinations can be harmful and want the right to choose to raise their child without immunizations. Since effective widespread immunizations have been accomplished, incidences of diseases have been significantlyRead MoreVaccination1215 Words   |  5 PagesI. Introduction a. Audience Hook: In the early 50’s polio paralyzed thousands, in the early 40’s Pertussis (whooping cough) caused 8000 deaths and there were millions of reported cases of measles before 1963. Thanks to immunization, the numbers of cases reported have declined tremendously and in some diseases, there are zero cases to report. b. Thesis Statement: Research shows that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks because vaccines can prevent serious illness and disease in individualsRead MoreVaccines For Children Program Programs1522 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing the immunization rates. This paper will explain and critique the program called â€Å"Vaccines For Children†. This paper will also include how I will adapt this program in my future pediatric practice. The history of the Vaccines for Children program was a result of the 1989 measles epidemic in the United States. This epidemic resulted in tens of thousands of cases of measles and hundreds of deaths (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). As the Centers for Disease and Prevention investigatedRead MoreEssay on Vaccination and Tetanus1739 Words   |  7 PagesAdult Immunization). It was first discovered by a Japanese researcher, Kitasato, in 1889(Family health and family guide). This disease effects the nervous system and is caused by bacteria. It is contracted through a cut or wound that becomes infected. This bacteria is called Clostridium tatani (The doctors from medicine net .com). This bacteria is found all over the world in things such as soil, dust, and manure or the intestines of human beings (National Coalition for Adult Immunization). TetanusRead MoreEpidemiology Paper1428 Words   |  6 Pagesit will explain the role of the community health nurse in car ing for those affected with influenza and the role they play in education and prevention. Description of Influenza Influenza, also known as the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus that infects the nose, throat, and lungs (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). It can cause mild to severe illness, sometimes even death. The flu is different from the common cold. Symptoms of the flu usually haveRead MoreOutline1355 Words   |  6 Pagesa scope of genuine and possibly deadly diseases. Immunizations are brisk, safe and greatly powerful. Once your child has got vaccinated against an infection, their body can battle it all the more effectively. In the event, that a child is not vaccinated, they will have an expanded danger of getting the illness. B. Immunization is as essential for adults as it is for children, but then numerous adults are not ideally vaccinated. Immunizations emulate the virus so as to anticipate disease by

Learning Style Assiginment Essay - 978 Words

Module MN3101 Module Title Development for Success in Business Assignment 1 500 words in which I analyse my own learning style Student ID: 14030592 Name: Kabir Ali Tutor: Katy Roberts 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction Page 3 2. Learning Style Analysis Page 3 3. Conclusion Page 5 4. References Page 7 5. Appendices Page 8 3 1. Introduction From an early age I found learning hard and in my early educational years I noticed I would stop paying attention in class when I lost interest. The only class I did enjoy and excel at was I.T (Information Technology), due to it being a practical class where by I followed a set of written†¦show more content†¦As an Activist and Reflector as my two dominate learning style according to Honey and Mumford’s theory, I learn best when I have hands on approach to 7 doing tasks and learn from taking time to go over the task at hand. This is evident from my past experiences from school and work. 3. Conclusion Going on my past and present experiences I found I was able to take in and hold onto information better if I could apply the theory to a practical task i.e. my IT classes where I was able to do my own research and apply the theory in a practical manner and be able to see it work. Going forward I need to improve my low learning preference scores which is drawn up in appendices (See appendix B), I have also indentified that when I learn I must be able to do my own research and finds ways where it will can be used practically in order to see the finished task and be able to take it all in. 8 4. REFERENCES Learning Theories and Models Summaries, (2014) Experiential Learning (Kolb): Learning Theories . Available at: http://www.learning ­theories.com/experiential ­learning ­kolb.html (Accessed 21 Oct. 2014). McLeod, S. (2014) Kolbs Learning Styles and Experiential Learning Cycle: Simply Psychology . Available at: http://www.simplypsychology.org/learning ­kolb.html (Accessed 21 Oct. 2014). Nwlink.com, (2014) Honey and Mumfords Learning Styles

World Literature Essay Summary Example For Students

World Literature Essay Summary How a persons nurturing and upbringing triumphs over the natural way of being, in relation to Grenouille in Perfume and the society in Chronicle for a Death Foretold. Every living thing has a natural way of being. Be it a plant which will naturally incline toward the sun or a nocturnal animal which will only come out at night, all living things will have a expected way of behaving, and this does not exclude human beings. However, this original way of existence can be infringed by the location and culture in which a human being is brought up in, as well as the occurrences which take place during said persons life. The following essay shall show how the upbringing which Grenouille received in Perfume (First Published in German1985. First Translated in 1986) by Patrick Sà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½skind (German born March 26, 1949 Present Day) affects the unfolding of the events in the book, and how the way the society is cultivated provokes events which ultimately cause Santiago Nasars death in Chronicle of a Death Foretold (First Published in 1981. First Translated in 1982) by Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Spanish born March 6, 1927 Present Day) In the commencement of Perfume, we firstly see how Grenouille acts in the natural way that any living thing would, but as Grenouilles life develops, while he is being brought up by different care takers and different mentors, we can see certain crucial moments in his life which shed light in explaining why Grenouille becomes the way he does. At the start of his life, his first care-taker instantly takes an enormous disliking toward him. We see this when she speaks to Father Terrier, she constantly makes remarks about how the child is strange and insults him on various occasions for example saying he is possessed by the devil1. Perhaps, even though a baby, he still understood this because of a babys natural way of interpreting things, whereby peoples emotions and thoughts reflect a certain aura around the person, and small babies see these auras. Therefore, the first person he ever lived with seemed to be continuously disgusted by Grenouille, and alas may have already commenced the cr eation of his complex; his hate and disgust for humanity. Father Terrier later on also shows his disgust for Grenouille as he makes Terrier shudder and feel sick to his stomach2, and as Buisse does, he wanted to get rid of him as quickly as possibleimmediately if possible3 and ergo abandons him. The previous is, what I believe the beginning of Grenouilles detestation for humanity, and this is further induced when he lives with Madame Gaillard who in a sense treats him like a pet in the manner in which she feeds him, serving up three meals a day and not the tinniest snack more4. We can assume that his residence was overcrowded with orphans due to the fact that Paris produced over ten thousand new orphans a year5 and I imagine that these children were dirty and smelt. This simple situation is addition to the occasions where the children conspired to suffocate him6 may have been one of the things which cause Grenouilles misanthropy, as when he becomes an adult, he despises the smell of humans and he also hates being around them. Here we see how the lifestyle in which Grenouille grew up could possibly cause the deterioration of his natural instincts as the dislike of being around others is against the natural law of survival whereby animals naturally seek safety in groups. Greno uille on the other hand prefers being in solitude as we see later on in the novel where he lives secluded from humanity on the mountain of solitude7 inside a cave in which never in his life had he felt so secure8. (I dont know if that last phrase is grammatically correct) Was the 5th Century BCE a Golden Age for Athens? EssayAnother incident involving an unnatural catholic trait is seen when Divina Flor confesses that the true reason her mother had not told Santiago that He was going to be killed is because in the depths of her heart, she wanted them to kill him18. This is because Santiago, on various occasion made sexual advances to Divina Flor, and this would trigger a memory of her mothers where Santiagos father would do likewise to Victoria Guzmans (Divinas mother). We can therefore see how a previous event in Victorias life caused her natural catholic ideology to disappear, as she breaks one of the Ten Commandments, and wishes ill upon someone. Note: the above paragraph has been removed as I believe it isnt completely relevant, but u have left it there in order to see what you opine about it Garcia shows this breech in Catholic standards in order to show the inexistence of natural religious and moral codes which have been usurped by the societys cultural upbringing. To further implement this lack of religion, Garcia shows the coming of the bishop as a joke, whereby he wont even get off the boathell give an obligatory blessingand go backhe hates this town.19 To conclude the triumph of upbringing over natural instincts, I will take a look at the influence of sex in both novels. Our animalistic instincts tell us, there is no rule in not having premarital relations. This is what Angela does; she acts naturally, while society expects her to not fornicate until she is married, as everyone is nurtured with the idea that a woman must remain innocent until unified in matrimony. On the other hand, we do not see the same train of thought when referring to a man. Santiago clearly did as he pleased as he tells Divina Flor the time has come for you to be tamed.20 With this we see that the society has been nurtured into a hypocritical way of thinking where society sees in undignified for a woman to act naturally while a man can do as he pleases. This contrasts with how Grenouille as he has the opportunity to do as he pleases with a female, but he only does what he needs to reach his destination. Again Grenouilles natural instinct had been usurped by h is upbringing whereby he was nurtured by Baldini and Grimal to not deviate from his path no matter what.

The Pendulum Coursework Essay Example

The Pendulum Coursework Essay Aim: The aim of this experiment is to find out if a certain variable effects the period of a pendulum. The variable we will be testing in this project is the length of the string.Prediction: I predict that the longer the piece of string, the longer it will take the pendulum to complete one period. I also predict as the length of the string goes up by 10cm, the period will increase by roughly 0.15 seconds.Apparatus: -Piece of string (longer than 95cm)To attach and swing the weight ball off.-RulerTo measure the piece of string.-ProtractorTo measure the angle between the string and the floor soIt is the same every time.-Stop watchTo measure how long the period is-Pencil/PenTo record our results-Weight ball (40g)To attach and hang on the end of the string to weigh itDown and to make it into a pendulum.-ClampTo attach the pendulum 2 the table so it has room toSwing above the floor.-Clamp attachment fittingTo attach the string to the clamp.Method:1) Firstly, we have to determine, how many lengths we ant to compare, and also (in cm) how long each piece of string is.We have decided to go up in fives i.e. 5, 10, 15 etc2) Then we have to draw up a table o record all f our results.3) Next we have to collect all our apparatus.4) Firstly, we will measure a piece of string to the length required, plus a bit for excess to tie around the weight ball etc5) We then will set up our clamp and attach the string to the clamp attachment and in turn, attach the weight ball to the string.6) After all is set up, we will need to wind up the string around the clamp to the lowest measurement ready to begin the experiment. (we will measure it with a ruler)7) We will then pull back the string ready to begin at about 90d degrees ready to time the period. This will be our preliminary experiment.8) Whilst one person holds he string and lets go, another person times it in seconds (using a stop watch) how long it takes for the string to swing once, forward and back ant then stop the watch at the time it reaches the end of the period.9) We will then record the first result in the table.10) Because this is the preliminary experiment, we will only trial each measurement once.11) We will then continue this over and over until weve done it once for every measurement.12) After we have recorded all of our preliminary results, we will look at he ranges etcto see if we need to make any changes to the experiment.13) Next we will completely redo the whole experiment, starting at 5cm up to about 95cm at about 90 degrees.14) Finally we will find out the averages for each length and record the results on to a graph.How this will be a fair test:Because every time we do the experiment, we will only change one variable at a time and keep everything else the same i.e. the angle at 90 degrees from the floor, the weight ball of weight of 40g etcThe only variable we will change is the length of the string.Safety Precautions:We will always keep to strict safety precautions by which we will stand back from the pendulum as it swings so it doesnt hit us. We will tie our hair back so not to get caught in the pendulum and wear safety goggles to protect our eyes.Background ResearchPendulum clocks have been used to keep time since 1656, and they have not changed dramatically since then. Pendulum clocks were the first clocks made to have any sort of accuracy.A pendulum clock is made from these parts:* There is the face of the clock, with its hour and minute hand (and sometimes even a moon phase dial).* There are one or more weights (or, if the clock is more modern, a keyhole used to wind a spring inside the clock we will stick with weight-driven clocks in this article).* And, of course, there is the pendulum itself.The Weight:The weight is used so that the pendulum can run for a longer amount of time, without having to be tampered with. It acts as an energy storage device so you can leave it unattended. If you pull on the string or cord that attaches the weight upwards, you autom atically give the weight potential energy. It then uses this potential energy in a moment, as the weight falls to drive the clocks mechanism. However the weight of the weight does not effect the period of the pendulum.The pendulum consists of either a light rod or piece of string. St the end o this rod o string there is a weight attached. We know that, so long the angle of the piece of string is less than 20 degrees, the period will remain constant however, it is still not a precise measurement even then. When you have it over the angle of 20 degrees, the pendulum has to go further but at a greater velocity due to the fact that it falls from a greater height, meaning it is at a more acute angle than normal. Overall, this means that the pendulum traverses a longer distance in a shorter amount of time.The pendulum demonstrates an almost continuous perpetual motion, until it finally sops, dues to friction. The pendulum has a falling motion. The pendulum keeps a very regular beat, which is why for many years it was used in clocks.The period of a pendulum can be affected or not affected by three variables:- The weight of the pendulum.- The length of the pendulum.- The angle of which the pendulum departs.These are the main factors which people commonly presume to have an effect on the period of the pendulum; however, the weight of the pendulum has little or no effect at all, neither does the angle of which the pendulum departs. On the other hand, length of the pendulum is correct, due to the fact it has to traverse a further distance. The pendulum period is related only to the length of the pendulum and the force of gravity. However due to the fact that gravity remains constant at any particular point anywhere in the planet, this means the length of the pendulum is the only thing that effects the period of a pendulum.Preliminary TrialLength (cm)Trial 150.91100.95151.07201.18251.20301.22351.42401.47451.58501.45These results arent very accurate and dont really follow a certain pattern. Also, I dont think they cover a big enough range so we dont really get a chance to see how length effects the pendulum later on when the string is longer. Therefore, We are going to change the difference between each length from 5cm -10cm.This is the new Method:1) Firstly, we have to determine, how many lengths we ant to compare, and also (in cm) how long each piece of string is.We have decided to go up in tens i.e. 5, 15, 25 etc2) Then we have to draw up a table o record all f our results.3) Next we have to collect all our apparatus.4) Firstly, we will measure a piece of string to the length required, plus a bit for excess to tie around the weight ball etc5) We then will set up our clamp and attach the string to the clamp attachment and in turn, attach the weight ball to the string.6) After all is set up, we will need to wind up the string around the clamp to the lowest measurement ready to begin the experiment. (we will measure it with a ruler)7) We will then pu ll back the string ready to begin at about 90d degrees ready to time the period. This will be our preliminary experiment.8) Whilst one person holds he string and lets go, another person times it in seconds (using a stop watch) how long it takes for the string to swing once, forward and back ant then stop the watch at the time it reaches the end of the period.9) We will then record the first result in the table.10) Because this is the preliminary experiment, we will only trial each measurement once.11) We will then continue this over and over until weve done it once for every measurement.12) Next we will completely redo the whole experiment, starting at 5cm up to about 95cm at about 90 degrees.13) Finally we will find out the averages for each length and record the results on to a graph.ObtainingThe Table of results for altering the lengths of a pendulum and the effect it has on the periodLength (cm)TrialTrial 2Trial 3Average (of all results from all three trials)50.90 (0.9)0.51 (0.5 )0.61 (0.6)0.67 (0.7)150.87 (0.9)0.77 (0.8)0.74 (0.7)0.79 (0.8)251.28 (1.3)0.99 (1)1.05 (1.1)1.11 (1.1)351.39 (1.4)1.26 (1.3)1.26 (1.3)1.30 (1.3)451.45 (1.5)1.39 (1.4)1.52 (1.5)1.59 (1.6)551.56 (1.6)1.68 (1.7)1.76 (1.8)1.67 (1.7)651.65 (1.7)1.64 (1.6)1.74 (1.7)1.68 (1.8)751.81 (1.8)1.43 (1.4)1.42 (1.4)1.55 (1.6)852.08 (2.1)2.08 (2.1)2.04 (2)2.07 (2.1)952.21 (2.2)2.24 (2.2)2.28 (2.3)2.24 (2.2)EvaluationMy overall prediction is correct; the longer the piece of string, the longer it will take the pendulum to complete one period, however on average, it doesnt increase by 0.15 seconds, but it increases by 0.1 seconds. But still this is not accurate. I have quite a few anomalies.However, like in what I discussed in my analysis, I did make some mistakes with accuracy etc If I were to redo this experiment, then I would consider making sure I got the timings absolutely perfect. Which although would take a lot of time which I didnt have this time around, so maybe this shows to get excellent r esults you need a lot of time and it takes a lot of effort.One anomaly that in particular stands out is when the string is of length 75 cm and the result is 1.55 seconds. Whereas the result just before it is 65cm and 1.68; before this result, the trend line goes up consistently, however, when it hits this point, it goes down by 14 seconds, which is a pretty large jump and the result after it is at 85 cm and 2.07. There is then a massive jump to the next point. It goes up by 0.51 seconds, which is a massive increase. It is the biggest increase in the whole experiment. This again shows another flaw in my experiment, or maybe just reinforces the anomaly before hand.It is very low compared to 85cm but is also lower than 65 cm which cannot be right because, as we discovered, as the length of the string increases, so to does the length of the period. Therefore this is incorrect. Looking back at the table, the first trial for 75 cm is 1.81 cm, which seems pretty accurate but then for trial 2 and 3, it slips to 1.43 and 1.42 seconds. This could have happened because, the unbeknown to us the string slipped or tightened in this case, or it bashed the table or we timed it wrong by stopping the stopwatch too early or starting it too late. This is an easy mistake to make however, on the other hand, I could have measured the results before of after inaccurately in the same way, timing inaccurately. This is quite unlikely though. Again if I were to do the experiment again I would have to be more accurate.I dont think my results are that reliable, and dont always fit the formula. And there a lot of anomalies in the separate trials. If I were to do it again, I would do it in more time with more accuracy. I would maybe even do an even bigger range and perhaps another trial.Length (cm)Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3Trial 4Trial 5Average (of all results)525456585105125145156185I would also check the length of the sting hadnt slipped or adjusted itself between each trial.AnalysisIf I pick t wo points on the line of best fit, near the end and the beginning:0.80 and 2.20The co-ordinates are0.80 = (3,8)2.20 = (17,22)22-8=1417-3=1414/14=144?à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 39.539.5/1=39.5(39.5-9.8)/9.8 = 3.0306=33 is the percentage error so this shows my results arent completely accurate. Therefore if I were to do it again, I would need to be more accurate.Between points 25, 35,45 and 55 it goes up almost identically, very, very consistently. It goes from 1.11 (1.1) to 1.30 (1.3) to 1.59 (1.6) to 1.67 (1.7). The third goes slightly out, but they are the most accurate ones.This shows good and accurate timings, which is very good n the fact were trying to compare the length of string and the how it affects the time it takes the pendulum to complete one period.The rule for this graph is, as the length of string increases, the time it takes the pendulum to complete period increases at the same time. My graph clearly shows this as the line of best fit goes up diagonally right.tà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = (4? à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½/g)L.39.5/39.5=11 times 5 = 5Therefore should be at point 5 (0.5) on the graph.Therefore our result is inaccurate.However, it does relate to my background research because it said that length would be the only variable able to change the length of the period. Also that the longer the string the longer it would take to complete a period. This means it does link closely to the background research, just not extremely accurately. The main theory does.ConclusionThe rule for this graph is, as the length of string increases, the time it takes the pendulum to complete period increases at the same time. My graph clearly shows this as the line of best fit goes up diagonally right. In my prediction I said that it goes up by roughly 0.15 in every 10cm but I think its now more closer to 0.1 seconds in every 10 cm.

Government Censorship Essays - Content-control Software, Free Essays

Government Censorship Essays - Content-control Software, Free Essays Government Censorship Thesis: Government Censorship would damage the atmosphere of the freedom to express ideas on the Internet; therefore, government should not encourage censorship. Introduction I. In the Internet community, there is a large volume of technical terms. For this reason, it is first necessary to examine the terminology specific to Internet. 1.The internet is a world wide computer network. 1.Electronic mail (email), which is one component of the Internet, approximates person to person letters, memoranda, notes and even phone calls. 2.Another term that is often used is electronic news (enews/Usenet), enews is a broadcast, free to the Internet medium. 3.The term FTP is also frequently used. File transfer protocol (FTP) started as an Internet archival and retrieval medium, somewhat analogous to traditional libraries. 4.The world-wide web (WWW), which is another component of the Net, can be used to publish material that would traditionally appear in journals, magazines, posters, books, television and even on film. 2.It is also essential to give a brief history on the internet. 3.The U.S. government is now trying to pass bills to prevent misuse of the Net. II. In order to understand the need for the ever-growing body of legislation, it is important to explore the controversy, and the current problems involved with the Net as it exists must be introduced. 1.The problem that concerns most people is offensive materials such as pornography. 2.Another crucial internet crime is the stealing of credit card numbers. III. One reaction to this inapplicability has been the Censor the Net approach (the censorship bill), we are now to compare its advantages and disadvantages. 1.First, the meaning of Censoring the Net must be explained. 2.However, many experts have pointed out that government censorship is not possible. 1.First, it is not fair to exclude the freedom and damage the atmosphere of freely expressing ideas just for the safety of children. 2.Most internet users are enjoying their freedom of speech on the Net, which is supposed to be protected by our First Amendment. 3.Additionally, only a very small portion of the Net contains offensive material, most people do not use the Net for pornography. 4.It must be understood that censoring the Net is technically impossible. 5.While people are concerned about Internet pornography, it should be recognized that pornography is sometimes legal; for example, pornography is legal in video and magazines. IV. There are many alternative measures to government censorship which would prevent misuse of the Net and would have the same effects as censorship. 1.It is very important for parents to provide moral guidance for their children, and parents should have this responsibility. 2.However, at the same time as we carry out moral guidance, we have to come out with some short term approaches to solve the problem in a more efficient way as well. 3.An alternative to government censorship is the technological fix, which would prevent misuse of the Net and would have the same effects as government censorship. 1.One example of technological fix is the SurfWatch software. 2.Also, commercial Internet service providers, such as America Online, allow parents to control what Internet relay chat (IRC) sessions are available to their children. 3.Another technological fix is for parents and guardians to have a separate proxy server for their children's web browser. 4.There are no computer programs to automatically and reliably classify material; only people can do it. As a result, while practicing technological fixes, the classification of the contents of the material when posting is very important. 5.Nowadays, most internet users classify their postings with standard categories, and leave signatures at the end of postings. 6.The combination of the installation of censoring software and the classification of materials is a much better solution than government censorship. Conclusion Bibliography The Internet is a wonderful place of entertainment and education but like all places used by millions of people, it has some murky corners people would prefer children not to explore. In the physical world society as a whole conspires to protect children, but there are no social or physical constraints to Internet surfing. The Internet Censorship Bill of 1995, also known as the Exon/Coats Communications Decency Act, has been introduced in the U.S. Congress. It would make it a criminal offense to make available to children anything that is indecent, or to send anything indecent with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass (Stop the Communications ... n.p.). The goal of this bill as written (though not

pseudonym - definition and examples in English

pseudonym - definition and examples in English Definition A pseudonym  (also called a pen name) is a fictitious name assumed by an individual to conceal his or her identity. Adjective: pseudonymous. Writers who use pseudonyms do so for a variety of reasons. For instance, J.K. Rowling, renowned author of the Harry Potter novels, published her first crime novel (The Cuckoos Calling, 2013) under the  pseudonym Robert Galbraith. It has been wonderful to  publish without hype or  expectation, Rowling said when her identify was revealed. American author Joyce Carol Oates (who has also published novels under the pseudonyms Rosamond Smith and Lauren Kelly) notes that theres something wonderfully liberating, even childlike, about a pen-name: a fictitious name given to the instrument with which you write, and not attached to you (The Faith of a Writer, 2003). See Examples and Observations below. Also see: AllonymName That -nymNicknameProper Name EtymologyFrom the Greek, false name   Examples and Observations Imprisoned for political offenses under Louis XV, Francois Marie Arouet changed his name to Voltaire in order to make a fresh start as a writer. The Rev. C. L. Dodgson used the pseudonym Lewis Carroll because he thought it beneath the dignity of a clergyman and a mathematician to write a book like Alice in Wonderland. Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot) and Lucile-Aurore Dupin (George Sand) used mens names because they felt women authors were discriminated against in the 19th century.(Fool-the-Squares. Time, December 15, 1967)Gender and PseudonymsPublishing under male and a-gendered  pseudonyms  was one way in which women writers made their work public, defied social convention, yet also became honorary men in their own day. The Brontà «Ã‚  sisters, George Eliot and even Louisa May Alcott published under pseudonyms. . . . [S]ubmitting work for publication under male or ambiguously gendered pseudonyms afforded  the anonymity necessary to have work judged by its literary merit, rather than on grounds of  gender  difference.(Lizbeth Goodman, with Kasia Boddy and Elaine Showalter, Prose Fiction, Form and Gender.  Literature and Gender, ed. by  Lizbeth Goodman. Routledge, 1996) Alan SmitheeAlan Smithee is probably the most famous pseudonym, invented by the Directors Guild for directors who are so unsatisfied with a studio or producers meddling with their film that they dont think it reflects their creative vision anymore. The first movie to use it was Death of a Gunfighter in 1969, and it has since been used dozens of times.(Gabriel Snyder, Whats in a Name? Slate, January 2, 2007)Pseudonyms of Stephen King and Ian RankinThe hyper-fecund Stephen King wrote as Richard Bachman . . . (until he killed Bachman off, citing cancer of the pseudo-nym as the cause of death). Ian Rankin found himself in a similar spot in the early 1990s, when he was bursting with ideas, but with a publisher wary of putting out more than one book a year. Along came Jack Harveynamed for Jack, Rankins first son, and Harvey, his wifes maiden name.(Jonathan Freedland, Whats in a Pseudonym? The Guardian, March 29, 2006)Pseudonyms and PersonaeA writer may sometimes assume a persona, not simpl y a different name, and publish a work under the guise of that persona. Washington Irving thus took on the character of a Dutch author named Diedrich Knickerbocker for his famous History of New York, while Jonathan Swift published Gullivers Travels as if he actually was Lemuel Gulliver, and described himself in the novels full title as first a Surgeon, and then a Captain of several Ships. The original edition even had a portrait of the fictional author, aged 58.(Adrian Room, Dictionary of Pseudonyms: 13,000 Assumed Names and Their Origins. McFarland, 2010) bell hooks, Pseudonym of American Author Gloria Jean WatkinsOne of the many reasons I chose to write using the pseudonym bell hooks, a family name (mother to Sarah Oldham, great-grandmother to me), was to construct a writer-identity that would challenge and subdue all impulses leading me away from speech into silence. I was a young girl buying bubble gum at the corner store when I first really heard the full name bell hooks. I had just talked back to a grown person. Even now I can recall the surprised look, the mocking tones that informed me I must be kin to bell hooksa sharp-tongued woman, a woman who spoke her mind, a woman who was not afraid to talk back. I claimed this legacy of defiance, of will, of courage, affirming my link to female ancestors who were bold and daring in their speech. Unlike my bold and daring mother and grandmother, who were not supportive of talking back, even though they were assertive and powerful in their speech, bell hooks as I discovered, claimed, and i nvented her was my ally, my support.(bell hooks, Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. South End Press, 1989) Pronunciation: SOOD-eh-nim

The history of the second amendment and gun control in America Essay

The history of the second amendment and gun control in America - Essay Example Personal opinion along with opinion of the other scholars regarding this development have been carefully avoided that has reduced this paper into mere statements of facts surrounding the development of the second amendment of the USA constitution in connection with gun control. The second amendment of the United States Constitution is an inseparable part of the United States Bill of Rights that protects the right to keep a firearm in possession by an USA citizen without moving into legal hazards. Owing to its historical nature this has become a soft spot in US sentiment and proponents favoring and disposing this right are all most in equal number. The consequences were often been grave, yet it seems the lion’s share of USA population prefers to own a gun rather than remain bereft of it1. However such discussion is beyond the scope of this paper and it solely concentrates on the historical development of second amendment of the US constitution and the gun control in America wit h respect to the same. The ratification of Second Amendment in 1791 In an unexpectedly hastened political movement just following the drafting of US constitution; the right to ownership of a gun by common US citizens was paved its way into the constitution. A committee that included James Madison inked the ownership of gun by the US citizens. Madison took the prime role drafting that part with a view to create a regulated militia that was believed to provide the country a secondary line of defense strengthening its security. It was strongly believed while incorporating that amendment that in case the people were retrained from that right; it would seriously hamper the security of the nation as well as their individual security2. The Bliss versus the Commonwealth case and the individual right related Jeopardy of 1822 The individual right to guns or any sort of fire arms and to be precise arms of any nature encountered its first counter attack long back in 1822. A case was filed in Ke ntucky when a man named Bliss was charged with carrying a sword hidden in a cane box was caught and immediately convicted. A fine of $100 was imposed upon him; the money was quite hefty considering the market value of that time. In tune with the previous amendment of 1971; it was declared by the court that the person cannot be considered as a convict as the sole purpose of him carrying an arm was for her own defense. The majority of the judges supported the decision and it cemented the right of an individual to carry arms for her own or state’s defense. Bliss was freed with full honor and dignity and carrying of arms within any place of the Unites States was legalized3. The Dred Scott versus the Stanford case of 1856 The legalization of carrying fire arms or gun within the boundary of the United States in its initial days was a culmination of court verdicts as it reflects in case of The Dred Scott versus the Stanford case of 18564. Slaves formed an important part in American population and they after a hard fought legal battle that often shed barrels of blood became legal inhabitants to the so called land of freedom. Regarding the aforementioned case when a question raised that whether a slave can enjoy the same privilege of carrying guns like any other American citizen; the court opined in favor of the slaves. In a short and precise verdict the American Supreme Court declared that slaves being full-fledged American citizens are also bestowed with the